Gene Disease Score gda Association Type Original DB Sentence supporting the association PMID PMID Year
Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 Biomarker BEFREE Patients were classified into 4 groups, NIDDM (n = 30), Insulin less than 20 U (n = 13) and Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U (n = 21) in adults and IDDM in children (n = 53). 6680499

1983

Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 Biomarker BEFREE Prevalence and incidence of IDDM and NIDDM in children in the Tokyo Metropolitan area were estimated using data obtained from a hospital population study, a school population study, urine glucose screening and also from the central registry. 6680483

1983

Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 GeneticVariation BEFREE We undertook a cooperative study between two centers (San Francisco and St. Louis) to determine geno-types at the insulin locus in 313 unrelated American Blacks (132 nondiabetic, 27 with IDDM, and 154 with NIDDM). 3886460

1985

Entrez Id: 3630
Gene Symbol: INS
INS
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 Biomarker BEFREE IDDM occurs predominantly among individuals being class II antigen HLA-DR 3 and/or 4 positive, while NIDDM is not associated with HLA-D. 4036712

1985

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 GeneticVariation BEFREE Because NIDDM is heterogeneous and perhaps polygenic in nature, these linkage analyses in families with NIDDM can be extended to other genes when they are cloned such as that coding for the insulin receptor. 3898768

1985

Entrez Id: 335
Gene Symbol: APOA1
APOA1
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.100 GeneticVariation BEFREE Apolipoprotein A-I gene polymorphism and susceptibility of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 3936351

1985

Entrez Id: 213
Gene Symbol: ALB
ALB
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.100 Biomarker BEFREE The mean intensity of skeletal muscle extracellular basement membrane staining for albumin was higher in MODY patients (1.1 +/- 0.15) than in unrelated normal subjects (0.7 +/- 0.1, P less than 0.025) and normal MODY family members (0.6 +/- 0.08, P less than 0.01). 3882497

1985

Entrez Id: 159371
Gene Symbol: SLC35G1
SLC35G1
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.020 Biomarker BEFREE Within NIDDM and within MODY there are differences in the magnitude of insulin responses to glucose, differences in target tissue responsiveness to insulin in vivo, and differences in receptor and post-receptor effects of insulin. 3898767

1985

Entrez Id: 27351
Gene Symbol: DESI1
DESI1
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.020 Biomarker BEFREE Within NIDDM and within MODY there are differences in the magnitude of insulin responses to glucose, differences in target tissue responsiveness to insulin in vivo, and differences in receptor and post-receptor effects of insulin. 3898767

1985

Entrez Id: 159371
Gene Symbol: SLC35G1
SLC35G1
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.020 Biomarker BEFREE Patients with NIDDM are insulin resistant due to a combination of receptor and post-receptor defects. 3898763

1985

Entrez Id: 27351
Gene Symbol: DESI1
DESI1
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.020 Biomarker BEFREE Patients with NIDDM are insulin resistant due to a combination of receptor and post-receptor defects. 3898763

1985

Entrez Id: 100293534
Gene Symbol: C4B_2
C4B_2
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.010 Biomarker BEFREE No significant variation in HLA, BF, C2 or GLO frequencies was found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, but there was a significant decrease in C4B 1 and an increase in C4B 2. 3879724

1985

Entrez Id: 721
Gene Symbol: C4B
C4B
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.010 Biomarker BEFREE No significant variation in HLA, BF, C2 or GLO frequencies was found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, but there was a significant decrease in C4B 1 and an increase in C4B 2. 3879724

1985

Entrez Id: 720
Gene Symbol: C4A
C4A
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.010 Biomarker BEFREE No significant variation in HLA, BF, C2 or GLO frequencies was found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, but there was a significant decrease in C4B 1 and an increase in C4B 2. 3879724

1985

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 GeneticVariation BEFREE Although no significant association of restriction fragment length polymorphism with Type 2 diabetes was found in the present study, our results suggest that the restriction fragment length polymorphism in the human insulin receptor gene varies among ethnic groups, and that the restriction fragment length polymorphism linked to the human insulin receptor gene might be a useful marker for the linkage study of the genes located close to the human insulin receptor gene on chromosome 19. 2878850

1986

Entrez Id: 3240
Gene Symbol: HP
HP
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.600 GeneticVariation BEFREE The results suggest that the haptoglobin gene may be in linkage disequilibrium with a major susceptibility gene for NIDDM. 3082699

1986

Entrez Id: 3240
Gene Symbol: HP
HP
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.600 GeneticVariation BEFREE While only the RH and haptoglobin loci showed evidence of association with NIDDM, an admixture analysis of the combined allele frequency data revealed a pattern of decreasing NIDDM prevalence with increasing socioeconomic status (as approximated by neighborhood of residence) and a parallel decrease in Amerindian ancestry. 3803913

1986

Entrez Id: 2641
Gene Symbol: GCG
GCG
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE Acute insulin response to glucagon, tolbutamide, and glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetes of the young. 3512209

1986

Entrez Id: 3558
Gene Symbol: IL2
IL2
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.050 Biomarker BEFREE Interleukin-2 production did not differ between patients with Type II diabetes and controls, regardless of whether the patients used insulin. 3531850

1986

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 AlteredExpression BEFREE We conclude that the tyrosine kinase activity of the skeletal muscle insulin receptor is defective in obesity and Type 2 diabetes, and that this alteration contributes to the insulin-resistant characteristics of both disorders. 2824266

1987

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 Biomarker BEFREE A genetic analysis of diabetic and non-diabetic Punjabi Sikhs (n = 164) was made for markers of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus using insulin receptor, insulin, and HLA-D alpha chain gene probes. 2892607

1988

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 GeneticVariation BEFREE Nevertheless, it may indicate that insulin resistance functionally related to an insulin-receptor gene polymorphism is the proximal cause of NIDDM in at least one subset of the population. 2899037

1988

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 GeneticVariation BEFREE This raises the possibility that mutations in the insulin receptor gene may account for the insulin resistance in some patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2834824

1988

Entrez Id: 3643
Gene Symbol: INSR
INSR
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.700 GeneticVariation BEFREE DNA polymorphisms of the insulin receptor gene in Japanese subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2906902

1988

Entrez Id: 2641
Gene Symbol: GCG
GCG
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent
0.400 Biomarker BEFREE Islet cell antibodies (ICAs), thyrogastric antibodies, and HLA-DR antigens were determined in 204 patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes controlled with diet and/or oral hypoglycemic agents (NIR) and in 108 age-matched patients who required insulin to control their hyperglycemia (IR). beta-Cell function measured as C-peptide response to glucagon was evaluated in relation to the presence of ICAs and HLA-DR antigens. 3275559

1988