Gene Disease Score gda Association Type Original DB Sentence supporting the association PMID PMID Year
Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Recently, the use of a transgenic mouse model system for Duchenne muscular dystrophy has demonstrated the ability of utrophin to functionally replace dystrophin and alleviate the muscle pathology (see Tinsley, J. M., Potter, A. C., Phelps, S. R., Fisher, R., Trickett, J. I., and Davies, K. E. (1996) Nature 384, 349-353). 9079621

1997

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE Experiments involving different programmable nuclease platforms and target cell types have established that the application of genome-editing principles to the targeted manipulation of defective DMD loci can result in the rescue of dystrophin protein synthesis in gene-edited cells. 27215286

2016

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 AlteredExpression BEFREE Melanocytes of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients did not express dystrophin, and the ultrastructural analysis revealed typical mitochondrial alterations similar to those occurring in myoblasts from the same patients. 23169061

2013

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common inherited neuromuscular disease, and is characterized by the lack of dystrophin, muscle wasting, increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β Smad-dependent signalling and fibrosis. 24163134

2014

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE The absence of dystrophin, characterizing Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), is associated with brain related comorbidities such as neurodevelopmental (e.g., cognitive and behavioural) deficits and epilepsy. 30069964

2019

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation CLINVAR Protein- and mRNA-based phenotype-genotype correlations in DMD/BMD with point mutations and molecular basis for BMD with nonsense and frameshift mutations in the DMD gene. 17041906

2007

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a common, inherited, incurable, fatal muscle wasting disease caused by deletions that disrupt the reading frame of the DMD gene such that no functional dystrophin protein is produced. 22274137

2012

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE Three tandem duplications were previously identified in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and were shown in each case to have a subset of dystrophin gene exons duplicated. 1868831

1991

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE Our results support the hypothesis that the DMD phenotype in female carriers of a dystrophin mutation has a direct correlation with a skewed X-chromosome inactivation pattern. 24135430

2014

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Dystrophin/utrophin double-knockout (dKO) mice develop a more severe and progressive muscular dystrophy than the mdx mice, the most common murine model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). 29078808

2017

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation UNIPROT A muscle biopsy from an X-linked muscular dystrophy pedigree showed normal dystrophin and dystrophin-associated proteins. 9851445

1998

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE By cloning the endpoints of a DMD-associated deletion, we have "jumped" 1100 kb from pERT87-1 (DSX164) to a new locus designated J66 (DXS268), mapping distally within the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene. 2896627

1987

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Ocular and neurodevelopmental features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a signature of dystrophin function in the central nervous system. 26081639

2016

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Our results not only shed critical light on dystrophin biology and DMD pathogenesis, but also provide a foundation for rationally engineering minimized dystrophins for DMD gene therapy. 27378693

2016

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE Although the disintegration of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex triggers the initial pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, secondary alterations in metabolic pathways, cellular signaling and the regulation of ion homeostasis are probably crucial factors that cause end-stage fibre degeneration. 20082121

2009

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE The use of antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) to induce exon skipping leading to generation of an in-frame dystrophin protein product could be of benefit in around 70% of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. 14527677

2003

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 AlteredExpression BEFREE Of all novel molecular interventions currently being investigated for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, perhaps the most promising method aiming to restore dystrophin expression to diseased cells is known as 'exon skipping' or splice-modulation, whereby antisense oligonucleotides eliminate the deleterious effects of DMD mutations by modulating dystrophin pre-messenger RNA splicing, such that functional dystrophin protein is produced. 20150322

2010

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE The contiguous deletion that leads to GKD also commonly affects NR0B1 (DAX1), the gene associated with adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and DMD, the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene. 16887896

2006

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Our results indicate that changes in cellular energetics and stress resistance via dystrophin restoration enhance muscle progenitor cell function, further validating that dystrophin plays a role in stem cell function and demonstrating the potential for new therapeutic approaches for DMD.Stem Cells 2019;37:1615-1628. 31574188

2019

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Eteplirsen treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Exon skipping and dystrophin production. 29752304

2018

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 AlteredExpression BEFREE Our results provide first evidence of highly effective restoration of dystrophin expression from the endogenous gene in DMD patient-derived muscle cells. 11468272

2001

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 AlteredExpression BEFREE Characterization with a panel of six antibodies revealed abnormal dystrophin expression in 6 of 20 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) carriers examined, and in 5 of 12 Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) carriers examined. 8263549

1993

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation UNIPROT Rapid direct sequence analysis of the dystrophin gene. 12632325

2003

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 Biomarker BEFREE Intramuscular administration of polyplexes resulted in dystrophin-positive fibers in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy without apparent toxicity. 27956144

2017

Entrez Id: 1756
Gene Symbol: DMD
DMD
CUI: C0013264
Disease: Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
1.000 GeneticVariation BEFREE This case report describes a young boy with concomitant genetically-confirmed Duchenne muscular dystrophy and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy with a novel dystrophin mutation in exon 6 and a D4Z4 fragment of 31 kb. 18586493

2008