There were no longitudinal associations between DGIH/BMI and depression, and adjustment for IL-6 and C-reactive protein did not attenuate associations between IR/BMI and depression; however, the longitudinal analyses may have been underpowered.
The specific aim of this study was to explore the relationships between biomarkers of neural health: nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), immune health: interleukin 6 (IL-6), c-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol, as well as the presence of depression, in physically active cannabis users (CU) and non-users (NU).
Then histone acetyltransferase (HAT), histone deacetylase (HDAC), H3K27ac, NET, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by western blot in nine female subjects in different depression and hypertension groups, and Chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction (Chip-PCR) were used to confirm the degree of acetylation affecting on the transcription level of NET gene.
In addition, NR decreased the number of activated microglia in the hippocampus, and it reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines in the brain of mice with alcohol-induced depression.
These results suggest that IL-6 may exert neuroprotection within CA1 neurons via pleiotropic mechanisms and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of depression.
We assessed trauma exposure, PTSD and depression severity, and quantified a panel of pro- inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon ϒ (IFN<sub>ϒ</sub>), and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
IL-6 supports tumour growth and metastasising in terminal patients, and it significantly engages in cancer cachexia (including anorexia) and depression associated with malignancy.
Depression in SLE patients increased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and IL-17) that in turn generating more autoantibodies and showed strong recognition to 16α-OHE<sub>1</sub>-A.
Compared with HCs (n=30), patients with SLE (n=36) scored higher on measures of depression, fatigue and had higher hsCRP (p=0.013), IL-6 (p=0.003) and B lymphocyte stimulator (p<0.001).
The biological link between depression, inflammation, and CVD can be related to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, released by macrophages which play a central role in the pathophysiology of both depression and CVD.
Increased vulnerability for cognitive decline among adults with a history of early trauma and the mediating roles of IL-6 and depressive mood symptoms point to the potential value of interventions that address inflammation or depression, singly or together, to prevent cognitive decline in this at-risk population.
In the rat model and human cirrhosis a proinflammatory cytokine pattern (elevation of interferon gamma, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6) was registered which in humans correlated to the degree of HE and depression.
This study aimed to examine the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in MDD patients to find out their association with depression.
Furthermore, mGluR5 deficiency dramatically inhibits cytokines release from bone marrow cells, such as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, alleviating proinflammatory responses in LPS-induced depression model.
IL-6 was elevated in DEP and DEP-T adolescents compared to controls (p = .014) and TNF-α was elevated in DEP participants only (p = .040) compared to controls, whereas no group differences were found in IL-1β (p = .829).
Considering the inflammatory-depression link, and that women are twice as likely to experience depression compared to men, the current study (<i>N</i> = 475 university students) examined the moderating role of three independent cytokine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; IL-1β rs16944, IL-6rs1800795 SNP, TNF-α rs1800629) in the relationship between early-life adversity and depressive symptoms, and whether these relations differed between males and females.