Elevated concentrations of M-HDL particles and elevated levels of HDL-associated PON1 may contribute to long-term protection from the vascular complications of diabetes by pathways that are independent of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.
The increase percent of serum PON3 protein was higher than that of serum PON1 protein and the increase percent of serum lactonase activity was higher than that of serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in diabetes+lipoic acid group.We can report that, like PON1 protein, PON3 protein and actually its lactonase activity may also have a role as an antioxidant in diabetes mellitus and lipoic acid treatment may be useful for the prevention of the atherosclerotic complications of diabetes by increasing serum PON1 and PON3 protein levels and serum enzyme activities.
In multivariate analysis, PON1 paraoxonase activity was independently of confounding factors associated with diabetes (OR = 0.985; <i>p =</i> 0.024) and premature CHD in family history (OR = 0.983; <i>p =</i> 0.027).
Utility of sICAM-1 and PON1 as surrogate prognostic biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets in the management of diabetes and MetS is strongly suggested.
In this study, we evaluated the effect of boron (B) as boric acid (BA) on body weight (b.w.); blood glucose; plasma insulin; lipase and paraoxonase (PON1) activities; and serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental diabetes in rats.
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an arylesterase with antioxidant activity, has been shown to play an important role in preventing the development of diabetes in transgenic mice.
In conclusion, low PON1 activity predicted the degree of coronary lesion, particularly in multiple vessel lesions, smokers, and diabetes, which may represent a biochemical marker for the severity of CAD.
We showed a lower physiologically-significant lactonase PON1 activity in an Arab population, a finding consistent with the high cardiovascular and diabetes risk of Palestinians.
In conclusion, we have shown that the Q192R polymorphism is a determinant of both PON1 concentration and activity and this association appeared to be enhanced in subjects with diabetes.
In the presence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, PON1-192RR and PON2-311CC were associated with an increased risk of SCS and PON1-55MM seems to have lower risk.
Our results suggest that PON1 may play a role in the onset and development of metabolic alterations in childhood obesity leading to diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life.
Independent associations were: 1) PON1 activity negatively with insulin resistance, triglycerides and PON1-55 genotype and positively with PON1-192 genotype; 2) PON1 concentration negatively with Caucasian ethnicity, duration of diabetes and statin use and positively with plasma creatinine and PON1-192 genotype.
We found that PON1 Arg 192 and ACE D alleles act synergistically to increase the risk of CAD in CAD patients and CAD subjects without diabetes from west of Iran, who have high frequency of three-vessel disease.
Multiple linear regression analysis showed that LL genotype for PON1 (p < 0.03), high body mass index (BMI) values (p < 0.001) and low HDL-cholesterol levels (p < 0.05) are associated with high C-reactive protein levels independently from presence of stress-induced ischemia, age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, statin therapy, smoking and total cholesterol levels.
PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
We quantified MDA levels and measured PON1 (paraoxonase/arylesterase) enzymatic activities in subjects suffering from cataract due to aging and diabetes.
In biopsy specimens, immunohistochemical analysis found increased PON1 expression on the endothelial surface of sclerotic renal arterioles and glomerular capillaries in patients with hypertension or diabetes.
The PON1 Q/R polymorphism was found to have significant association with hypertension (p=0.046) and chronic constipation (p=0.028) whereas, the L/M polymorphism, with diabetes (p=0.036), arteritis (trend p=0.022) and hemorrhoids (trend p=0.027).
The association of PON1 polymorphisms, lower PON1 activity and poorer diabetes control found in patients with macroangiopathy further support the idea of genetic factors contributing to the development of vascular disorders in diabetes.