The unique response profile of microglial cells to TLR3 is fundamental to understanding how the virus responds to continuous microbial exposure, especially during inflammatory episodes, that characterizes HIV infection in the CNS.
We investigated Caucasian intravenous drug users (IDUs) and blood donors in order to evaluate the associations between TLR3 genotypes and susceptibility to HIV infection.
These findings indicate that TLR-3-mediated induction of multiple anti-HIV factors should be beneficial for the treatment of HIV disease where innate immune responses are compromised by the virus.