These results support the neuroprotective effects of FGF9 against oxidative stress through the ERK-Nrf2 pathway, and imply one of potential strategies for therapy of HD.
Gintonin, a ginseng-derived ingredient, as a novel therapeutic strategy for Huntington's disease: Activation of the Nrf2 pathway through lysophosphatidic acid receptors.
The function of Nrf2 is altered in many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Friedreich's ataxia.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between uremic toxins and Nrf2/NF-κB expression in vitro (RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HD patients.
HACE1-/- x YAC128 mice and primary cells derived from these animals therefore provide model systems that will allow for the further dissection of Nrf2 pathways and astrocyte dysfunction in the context of HD.
Surprisingly, we discovered a muted NRF2 activation response in human HD neural stem cells, which was restored by genetic correction of the disease-causing mutation.
Following this background, we expand our discussion to the role of Nrf2 in several major neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Indeed activation of the Nrf2 pathway, which plays a prominent role in mediating antioxidant responses, has been considered as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HD.
Strategies to transcriptionally increase expression of antioxidant enzymes by modulating the Nrf-2/ARE pathway, or by increasing expression of PGC-1α hold great promise for developing new treatments to slow or halt the progression of HD.