By logistic regression analysis, high fasting plasma glucose, smoking, high triglyceride and the Gly/Gly polymorphism in Arg389GlyADRB1 all emerged as independent risk factors for hypertension.
Among Shors, the following factors increased AH risk: female sex, age, hypercholesterolemia, hyperbetacholesterinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity (including transabdominal obesity), glucose intolerance, and the DD ACE, CT MTHFR, and AA ADRB1 genotypes; among the non-indigenous population, the main factors were age, hypercholesterolemia, hyperbetacholesterinemia, hypoalfacholesterinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity (including transabdominal obesity), and ID ACE genotype.
The β1‑adrenergic receptor (AR) is the primary β‑AR subtype in the heart and is the target of metoprolol (Met), which is commonly used to treat angina and hypertension.
The association of β1-adrenoreceptor gene Arg389Gly and Ser49Gly polymorphisms with hypertension has been exhaustively investigated; however, the studies have yielded inconsistent results.
The common polymorphisms producing changes in the β(1)-ARs, and their signaling pathways, have been associated with clinical outcomes in several studies in hypertension and heart failure.
We attempted replication of the top meta-analysis single nucleotide polymorphisms for these genes in the Global BPgen Consortium (n=34,433) and the Women's Genome Health Study (n=23,019) and found significant results for rs1801253 in ADRB1 (rs1801253" genes_norm="153;773">Arg389Gly), with the Gly allele associated with a lower mean systolic blood pressure (β: 0.57 mm Hg; SE: 0.09 mm Hg; meta-analysis: P=4.7×10(-10)), diastolic blood pressure (β: 0.36 mm Hg; SE: 0.06 mm Hg; meta-analysis: P=9.5×10(-10)), and prevalence of hypertension (β: 0.06 mm Hg; SE: 0.02 mm Hg; meta-analysis: P=3.3×10(-4)).
The first study showed that the Arg389Arg genotype of the ADRB1 gene was associated with risk of hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.98; p=0.008], and the association was replicated in the second independent population (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.07-2.89, p=0.01).
Various studies suggest an association between beta(1)-adrenoceptor gene polymorphisms (Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly) and cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure.2.
Numerous studies have demonstrated that beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB1 and ADRB2) variants influence cardiovascular risk and beta-blocker responses in hypertension and heart failure.
Our study aimed to confirm that beta(1)-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms affect the blood pressure response to metoprolol monotherapy in the Chinese population with hypertension.
In the future, codon 49 and 389 genotypes or beta(1)-adrenergic receptor haplotypes might be used to predict the diastolic blood pressure response to metoprolol in patients with hypertension.
Antisense inhibition of beta(1)-adrenergic receptor mRNA in a single dose produces a profound and prolonged reduction in high blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
No association with hypertension was evident, however, for polymorphisms of the growth hormone, low-density lipoprotein receptor, renal kallikrein, alpha 2- and beta 1-adrenoreceptor, atrial natriuretic factor and insulin genes.4.