After exclusion of 28 subjects, 169 patients with the diagnosis of LCA and 27 patients with early childhood-onset RP were included in the study because the underlying mutations in AIPL1, GUCY2D, RDH12, RPE65, CRX, CRB1, RPGRIP1, CEP290, LCA5, and TULP1 genes could be identified in this cohort of patients.
Gene defects in AIPL1 cause a heterogeneous set of conditions ranging from Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), the severest form of early-onset retinal degeneration, to milder forms such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and cone-rod dystrophy.
Gene therapy for retinitis pigmentosa and Leber congenital amaurosis caused by defects in AIPL1: effective rescue of mouse models of partial and complete Aipl1 deficiency using AAV2/2 and AAV2/8 vectors.
This paper reviews the published histopathologic findings of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or an allied disease in whom the responsible gene defect was identified, including 10 cases with dominant RP (cases with mutations in RHO, PRPC8, and RP1), three with dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA7), three X-linked RP carrier females (RPGR), two with congenital retinal blindness (AIPL1 and RPE65), two with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy overlap syndrome (MTTL1), and one case each with dominant cone degeneration (GCAP1), X-linked cone degeneration (RCP), enhanced S-cone syndrome (NR2E3), and dominant late-onset retinal degeneration (CTRP5).