Rearrangements of T- and B-cell receptor (TCR and BCR) genes are useful markers for clonality assessment as well as for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring during the treatment of haematological malignancies.
We here describe the first results by the EURO-MRD consortium on standardization of qRT-PCR for the e1a2 BCR-ABL1 transcript in Ph + ALL, designed to overcome the lack of standardisation of laboratory procedures and data interpretation.
Eight of 9 patients with MRD achieved BCR-ABL1 negativity (complete molecular response, CMR) after a median of one cycle; 2/2 patients without measurable disease durably maintained CMR.
BCR-ABL1 and CRLF2<sup>Re/Hi</sup><sub>,</sub> and that high CD99 mRNA levels are strongly associated with a high frequency of relapse, high proportion of positive for minimal residual disease at day 29 and poor overall survival in paediatric cohorts, which indicate that CD99 is a potential biomarker for BCP-ALL.
A new highly sensitive real-time quantitative-PCR method for detection of BCR-ABL1 to monitor minimal residual disease in chronic myeloid leukemia after discontinuation of imatinib.
To address this, we studied 142 adults with ALL treated with hyperCVAD over a 10-year period who had MRD assessed by either multi-parameter flow cytometry or (for patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive ALL) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the BCR-ABL1 translocation.
Our report suggests a feasible pipeline, in terms of costs and reproducibility, aimed at characterizing and quantifying the genomic BCR-ABL1 rearrangement during MRD monitoring in CML patients.
Evaluation of MRD level by flow cytometry or molecular techniques in the era of the new BCR and Bcl-2 targeted inhibitors could identify the most cost-effective and durable treatment sequencing.
We detected MRD by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) of rearranged immunoglobulin/T-cell receptor genes (IG/TR) and/or BCR/ABL1 fusion transcript to investigate its predictive value in patients receiving Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) high-risk (HR) therapy and post-induction intermittent imatinib (the European intergroup study of post-induction treatment of Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (EsPhALL) study).
The non/late response rate and levels of minimal residual disease in the fusion-positive BCR-ABL1-like group were higher than in the non-BCR-ABL1-like B-others (p<0.01), and also higher, albeit not statistically significant, compared with the fusion-negative BCR-ABL1-like group.
A rare e13a3 (b2a3) BCR-ABL1 fusion transcript with normal karyotype in chronic myeloid leukemia: The challenges in diagnosis and monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD).
The biological heterogeneity of <i>BCR-ABL1</i>-positive ALL may impact the patient outcomes and optimal treatment (early stem cell transplantation vs long-term administration of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors) as well as on MRD testing.
Therefore, quantification of BCR-ABL<sup>I</sup><sup>ns35bp</sup> is useful for evaluating "functional" MRD and determining the effectiveness of TKI with accuracy.
A 17-year-old girl with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) with persistent minimal residual disease (MRD) who underwent standard chemotherapy was found to have a BCR-ABL1-like gene expression pattern.
However, BCR-ABL1-independent resistance in the setting of effective BCR-ABL1 inhibition is recognized as a major contributor to minimal residual disease.
The combination of IKZF1 deletion and p210 BCR-ABL1 (p < 0.0001), high white blood cell count (p = 0.021), and minimal residual disease (p = 0.013) were associated with worse disease-free survival.
In chronic myeloid leukemia, the identification of individual BCR-ABL1 fusions is required for the development of personalized medicine approach for minimal residual disease monitoring at the DNA level.
Monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) by quantification of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels has become a main part of the management of patients with BCR-ABL1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR, also RQ-PCR) of BCR-ABL1 RNA is a necessary laboratory technique for monitoring the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy and quantitatively assessing minimal residual disease.
It also emphasizes the utility and significance of cytogenetics and FISH techniques in primary diagnosis of CML and use of RT-PCR based assays only for generating secondary information within special reference to MRD.
Thus, quantitative measurement of BCR-ABL1 transcripts in blood and bone marrow both aids in the initial diagnosis of CML and is essential for routine post-therapy minimal residual disease monitoring.