In this study, we aimed to investigate promoter methylation of three tumor-suppressor genes (BRCA-1, MGMT, and P16) and three histone marks (H3K9ac, H3K18ac, and H4K20me3) in patients with breast tumors.
Breast tissues obtained from healthy women who breastfed for < 6 months vs ≥ 6 months showed significant enrichment of Notch signaling pathway genes, along with a trend for enrichment for luminal progenitor gene signature similar to what is observed in BRCA1 mutation carriers and basal-like breast tumors.
Of the 141 breast tumors, 45 samples (32%) had high HRD scores and were associated with high histological grade (P = 0.001), negative progesterone receptor (P = 0.018), high Ki67 index (P = 0.032), and BRCA1 promoter methylation (P = 3.6e-07).
Homologous recombination deficiency conferred by alterations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are common in breast tumors and can drive sensitivity to platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors.
In this review, we use the Microcompetition Model to explain how certain latent viruses, which are frequently detected in breast cancer tumors, can decrease the expression of the BRCA1 gene and cause the development of breast tumors.
These cumulative data support the hypothesis that exposure to AsIII may contribute to reducing the efficacy of endocrine therapy against ERα‑positive breast tumors by hampering the expression of ERα and BRCA1 via CpG methylation, respectively of ESR1 and BRCA1.
We studied the breast tumor profile associated to the c.3481_3491del11 French founder effect mutation on the BRCA1 gene to an attempt to identify any particularity or difference when comparing it to that related to other BRCA1 mutations.
Although ATM is involved in the DNA damage response, ATM-associated tumours are distinct from BRCA1-associated tumours in terms of morphological characteristics and genomic alterations, and they are also distinguishable from sporadic breast tumours, thus opening up the possibility to identify ATM variant carriers outside the ataxia-telangiectasia disorder and direct them towards effective cancer risk management and therapeutic strategies.
Hormonal replacement experiments in ovariectomized mice showed that BRCA1-deficient mammary tumor formation is promoted by estrogen but not by progesterone.
Corresponding tumour-derived DNA available from 5 of these 7 women had elevated methylation within the BRCA1 and SPHK2 promoter region and decreased methylation within the ADAP1, IGF2BP3 and SPATA13 promoter region when compared with the other breast tumours.
We identified 140 differentially expressed miRNAs, 9 of which were also differentially expressed in human BRCA1breast tumours or familial non-BRCA1 patients and during normal gland development.
Breast tumors deficient in BRCA1 are mostly associated with basal-like breast cancers and targeted therapeutics for this disease subtype are still lacking.
In this paper, we focus our interest on the dynamics alterations of the tumor-stroma interface at the ultrastructural level and to detect BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations using next generation sequencing (NGS) of breast tumor tissue.
The increased propensity of BRCA1 mutation carriers to develop aggressive breast tumors with stem-like properties begins to be understood in terms of osteoprotegerin (OPG)-unrestricted cross-talk between RANKL-overproducing progesterone-sensor cells and cancer-initiating RANK<sup>+</sup> responder cells that reside within pre-malignant BRCA1<sup>mut/+</sup> breast epithelial tissue.
Retention of the normal BRCA1 or BRCA2 allele (absence of locus-specific loss of heterozygosity (LOH)) is observed in 7% of BRCA1 ovarian, 16% of BRCA2 ovarian, 10% of BRCA1 breast, and 46% of BRCA2 breast tumors.
Overall, our findings highlight a critical role of Rak in the maintenance of genomic stability, at least in part, through protecting BRCA1 and provide novel treatment strategies for patients with breast tumors lacking Rak.
Using genetic mouse-models, we and others identified the RANKL/RANK system as a key regulator of sex hormone, BRCA1-mutation, and oncogene-driven breast cancer and we proposed that RANKL/RANK might be involved in the initiation of breast tumors.
In conclusion, proteome profiling of secretome using murine breast tumor models is a powerful strategy to identify non-invasive candidate biomarkers of BRCA1-deficient breast cancer.