These findings have suggested that the NQO1 Pro187Ser or SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism combination with smoking significantly confer susceptibility to BC.
The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as a measure of the joint effect of NQO1 rs1800566 and iNOS (CCTTT)n polymorphisms on BC risk among cigarette smokers.
Results of this study strongly suggest that the variant allele of NQO1 (Pro187Ser) may affect individual susceptibility to bladder cancer, particularly among smokers, in this ethnic Kashmiri population.