The mechanism of bortezomib-mediated downregulation of Sp transcription factors in MM was due to the induction of caspase-8 and upstream factors, including Fas-associated death domain.
These results demonstrated that osteoclastic lineage cells use TRAIL for their differentiation and activation through tilting caspase-8-dependent apoptosis toward NF-κB activation, and that TAK1 inhibition subverts TRAIL-mediated NF-κB activation to resume TRAIL-induced apoptosis in OCs while further enhancing MM cell death in combination with TRAIL.
Treatment with anti-myeloma drugs (melphalan, dexamethasone, bortezomib and immunomodulatory compounds) induced apoptosis earlier in D1 transfectants compared with RPMI8226 and mock control via the activation of both caspase-8 and -9.
Here we show for the first time that SN38, the potent active metabolite of irinotecan, induces c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase activation, Fas up-regulation, and caspase 8-mediated apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cells.
We here demonstrate molecular mechanisms whereby PS-341 mediates anti-MM activity by inducing p53 and MDM2 protein expression; inducing the phosphorylation (Ser15) of p53 protein; activating c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), caspase-8, and caspase-3; and cleaving the DNA protein kinase catalytic subunit, ATM, and MDM2.
Our data set a framework for the clinical use of approaches that sensitize MM cells to TRAIL by agents that inhibit FLIP and cIAP-2 expression or augment caspase-8 activity.