Further, G2019S carriers had higher LEDD (MD: 115.20; <i>p</i> < 0.00001) and were more likely to develop motor complications, such as dyskinesia and motor fluctuations (OR: 2.18, 2.02; <i>p</i> < 0.00001, 0.04) than non-carriers.
No association was found between the G2019S mutation and the Mini Mental State Examination scores (MMSE), and MC patients appeared more susceptible to dyskinesia than NC patients.
The G2019S mutation carriers showed a non significant increase in dyskinesias, and 2/3 developed Dopamine Dysregulation Syndrome and visual hallucinations.
All patients carrying the LRRK2 G2019S exhibited typical levodopa-responsive parkinsonism, and severe levodopa-induced dyskinesia was observed in the patient carrying the LRRK2 and parkin mutations.