cDNA microarray profiling of rat mammary gland carcinomas induced by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene.
SMAD4--molecular gladiator of the TGF-beta signaling is trampled upon by mutational insufficiency in colorectal carcinoma of Kashmiri population: an analysis with relation to KRAS proto-oncogene.
Of the carcinomas analyzed, 81% expressed increased bcl-2 (54/67), 78% expressed increased bcl-X(L) (52/67) and 69% expressed increased levels of both bcl-2 and bcl-X(L) (46/67).
cDNA microarray profiling of rat mammary gland carcinomas induced by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene.
We determined that carcinomas with high pY-STAT5a were more proliferative (MIB5 immunostaining) and had a higher expression of cyclin D1 and estrogen receptor alpha.
The expression of ER alpha in carcinomas was associated with tumor grade, extent of nuclear pleomorphism and cellular proliferation as measured by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and phospho-Rb immunostaining (Spearman analysis, P < 0.05).
The level of COX-2 mRNA was found to be elevated in carcinomas, relative to histologically normal pancreas from a healthy individual, as assessed by reverse transcription-PCR.
Genes showing increased expression in carcinomas by cDNA microarray analysis (and further validated by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis) include cyclin D1, PDGF-A chain, retinol binding protein 1, prohibitin and the transcription factor STAT5A.
Major gene families implicated in malignancy by over-expression in carcinomas included the annexins (annexin A1 and A4) and Stat family of transcription factors (Stat3 and Stat5a).
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that ER alpha, ER beta and PR were statistically elevated by 3-, 4- and 8-fold in carcinomas compared with normal mammary glands.
To determine if mutations of the E-cadherin gene (on chromosome 16q22) contribute to epithelial tumorigenesis, 135 carcinomas of the endometrium and ovary were examined for alterations in the E-cadherin coding region.