The probability of relapse increased with lymphoid malignancies, a donor killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) haplotype A and positive MRD pretransplant.
The probability of relapse increased with lymphoid malignancies, a donor killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) haplotype A and positive MRD pretransplant.
Although the absolute number of NK cells was significantly lower in patients with MRD<sup>pos</sup> response, phenotypically NK cells in these patients displayed higher expression of activating receptors KIRDS4 and decreased expression of inhibitory molecules NKG2A compared with the MRD<sup>neg</sup> group.
On the other hand, negative correlations were identified between the expression levels of miR-335-3p and the selected LncRNAs, NEAT1 and MALAT1, in the MDR group compared with the mrd- patients (P = 0.009), suggesting a sponge effect for these LncRNAs.
MRD data acquisition and detailed analysis using a newly developed approach (so-called next generation flow, NGF) in MM is a particular focus of this chapter.
The frequency of CD24+ MM cells was highly variable in primary MM samples, but the average of CD24+ MM cells was 8.3% after chemotherapy and in complete remission (CR) MM samples with persistent minimal residual disease (MRD) compared to 1.0% CD24+ MM cells in newly diagnosed MM samples (n = 26).
In addition to the commonly used gene deletions for risk assessment (<i>IKZF1, EBF1, CDKN2A/B</i>), we identified a broader spectrum of gene alterations (gains of- <i>RUNX1, LEF1, NR3C2, PAR1, PHF6;</i> deletions of- <i>NF1, SUZ12, MTAP</i>) that significantly correlated with the status of MRD clearance.
Because of the complexity of the current minimal residual disease (MRD) detecting-methods, the DNA methylation status of the RASSF6 and RASSF10 genes could potentially become biomarkers for the assessment of MRD levels in ALL patients.
High correlations (r > 0.9) in total PC and MRD levels were noted among SRL-Flow, original EuroFlow-NGF (2 tubes), and EuroFlow-NGF (tube 2 only), suggesting that SRL-Flow is an inexpensive (< $200 USD/sample as of January of 2019) alternative to EuroFlow-NGF (< $350 USD/sample) for assessing MRD in MM.
In 16 QC rounds between 2010 and 2017, the four laboratories received 208 bone marrow (BM) samples (126 FL; 82 MCL); 187 were analyzed, according to the EuroMRD Consortium guidelines, by both nested (NEST) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative (RQ) PCR for BCL2/IGH MBR or IGHV rearrangements.
Because of the complexity of the current minimal residual disease (MRD) detecting-methods, the DNA methylation status of the RASSF6 and RASSF10 genes could potentially become biomarkers for the assessment of MRD levels in ALL patients.
The dissimilar spatial association of TILs and TIL subtypes with clinicopathological parameters, NACT response and minimal residual disease underlines the necessity of detailed TIL analysis for a better understanding of immune modulatory processes.
In all MRD kinetics-based subgroups, no differences in CIR (early complete molecular response [CMR], 19.3% vs 4.8%; early major molecular response [MMR], 17.0% vs 26.8%; late CMR, 20.0% vs 14.3%; late MMR, 28.3% vs 31.0%; poor molecular response [PMR], 57.9% vs 62.4%) or DFS (early CMR, 71.6% vs 76.2%; early MMR, 66.9% vs 52.1%; late CMR, 50.0% vs 64.3%; late MMR, 50.7% vs 53.7%; PMR, 31.6% vs 34.1%) were observed between RIC and MAC.
The dissimilar spatial association of TILs and TIL subtypes with clinicopathological parameters, NACT response and minimal residual disease underlines the necessity of detailed TIL analysis for a better understanding of immune modulatory processes.
Minimal residual disease detected by multiparameter flow cytometry is complementary to genetics for risk stratification treatment in acute myeloid leukemia with biallelic CEBPA mutations.
A second stratification was performed according to the results of in vitro pharmacosensitivity toward prednisolone, vincristine, and asparaginase (PVA score) and in vivo response after induction therapy (minimal residual disease [MRD]).
High miR-205-5p levels in the peritumoral tissues might be relevant for the early detection of minimal residual disease and pre-cancer molecular alterations involved in tumor development.
Levels of breakpoint t(12;16) and TERTC228T ctDNA correlated with the clinical course and tumor burden in patients with myxoid liposarcomas (n = 4). ctDNA could detect minimal residual disease and tumor recurrence.