PD-L1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using two different antibodies in primary tumors and paired metastases from 81 melanoma patients treated at a single institution.
The pooled odds ratios (ORs) suggested that PD-L1 expression was associated with male (P<0.001), smoker (P<0.001), poor tumor differentiation (P=0.014), large tumor size (P=0.132), positive lymph nodal metastasis (P=0.002), <i>EGFR</i> wild-type status (P<0.001) and <i>KRAS</i> mutations (P=0.393).
Furthermore, high PD-L1 was significantly correlated with higher tumor stage (OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 2.71-5.61, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and distant metastasis (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.22-5.1, <i>p</i> = 0.012), while PD-L1 overexpression was not correlated with sex, tumor grade, lymph node status, and multifocality.
Together, these results demonstrate that PD-L1 can promote the growth and metastasis of cervical cancer by activating the ITGB4/SNAI1/SIRT3 signaling pathway, and also suggest the possibility of targeting PD-L1 and its downstream effectors as a potential approach for interfering with cervical cancer growth and metastasis.
Here, we found that the expressions of HIF1α and PD-L1 were significantly increased in FTC tissues and were correlated with the FTC clinicopathologic features, such as the tumor size, T stage, TNM staging, and metastasis.
It has been reported that the tumor microenvironment, including tumor-associated immune cells (ICs) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, differs between primary and metastatic tumors.
Eligible participants were women aged 18 years or older, who had advanced, histologically confirmed, HER2-positive breast cancer; documented progression during previous trastuzumab-based therapy; an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1; and a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded metastatic tumour biopsy for central assessment of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) status.
In contrast none of the clinicopathological characteristics (gender, age, tumor site, tumor grade, tumor depth, tumor necrosis rate, metastasis, recurrence, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) was found to be associated with PD-L1 expression in our analysis.The findings from this meta-analysis indicate that PD-L1 expression might be a useful predicative factor of poor prognosis for patients with bone and soft tissue sarcoma.
PD-L1 expression in immune cells (I-PD-L1) was significantly correlated with less lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis and lower pT and pTNM stages.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that PD-L1 upregulation in a pN+ cohort correlates with improved prognosis, which is similar to that in patients without nodal metastasis.
PD-L1 is a membrane protein with inhibitory effects on immune responses, whose expression has been correlated with high aggressiveness and the propensity of melanoma to metastasize.
Moreover, the cerasomes were more effective against tumors and metastasis in comparison to simultaneous but nontargeted delivery of PD-L1 antibody and paclitaxel.
Positive PD-L1 expression was found in 13% of primary tumours, 25% of relapses and 48% of metastases and correlated with a high T-cell infiltrate (p = 0.002).
Intraepithelial tumour cell PD-L1 positivity was found to be significantly associated with lymph node (LN) metastasis (P=0.012) and a poor disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.032), yet not overall survival (P=0.482).
The expression levels of BIN1 and PD-L1 were significantly related to the tumor, lymph node and metastasis grade (TNM) stage, invasion range and lymph node metastasis.
Following combined with anti-PD-L1 therapy, substantial antitumor and metastasis inhibitory effects were achieved because of the reduced PD-L1 expression and regulatory T cells.