(c) Some, but not all, lung carcinomas produced this cytokine, and a close correlation was found between the production of GM-CSF and the number of CD1a+ LC infiltrating these tumors.
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulates immunity via recruitment of antigen presenting cells and tumor specific T-cell stimulation.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor secreting tumor cell preparations were less effective, and interferon-gamma secreting cells had only a marginal effect.
A phase I study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced tumor vaccine for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was initiated in 1998, as the first cancer gene therapy in Japan.
A phase I study of the efficacy of oncolytic herpes viruses, G207, OncoVEX GM-CSF, and 1716 against a variety of tumors has been completed, and G207 is in phase II trials for use against brain tumors.
A positive correlation between GM-CSF and IL6 expression and disease course was observed by meta-analyses of the clinical data.<b>Conclusions:</b> Our studies indicate a significant reappraisal of the role of IL6 and GM-CSF in metastasis and implicate CAFs as the "henchmen" for cancer cells in producing an immunosuppressive tumor ecological niche.
A universal granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing bystander cell line for use in the formulation of autologous tumor cell-based vaccines.
Ad5/3-E2F-Δ24-GMCSF (CGTG-602) was engineered to contain a tumor specific E2F1 promoter driving an E1 gene deleted at the retinoblastoma protein binding site ("Δ24").
After local microwave coagulation and subsequent intra-tumoural injection of microparticles encapsulating interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, the anti-tumour efficacy against subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic mice was evaluated.
Among the specific strategies reviewed are a construct that fuses a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) that incorporates both the variable-region genes necessary to encode the idiotypic determinants with fragment C (FrC) of tetanus toxin; a novel vector system using herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) for in vivo gene delivery; the possibility of eliciting hyperacute xenograft response to treat human cancer; and the use of gene gun-mediated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cDNA-based tumor cell vaccines.
Among the transduced cells, human interleukin (IL)-6-transduced AsPC-1 and mouse granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced AsPC-1 cells showed a significant retardation of tumor growth compared with a parental cell line.
An adenovirus that expresses both interleukin (IL)-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor (GM-CSF) has been proven to be very effective in treating several tumors, but causes serious normal tissue toxicities.
An Oncolytic Adenovirus Encoding Decorin and Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Colorectal Tumor Model by Targeting Pro-Tumorigenic Signals and via Immune Activation.
By arming activated T cells, the new antibody displayed impressive cytotoxicity toward CD133(high) but not CD133(low) CRC cells in vitro, produced amounts of cytokines (interferon-γ and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), and could inhibit tumor growth and retard tumor development in nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient mice without apparent toxicity.
By using quantitative real-time PCR, gene expressions of cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IFNγ, TGFβ, GM-CSF) and the surrogates of immunosuppressive regulatory and effector cells (IDO-expressing DCs and Foxp3-expressing T-regs, respectively) were measured and correlated against the SLN tumor burden (MART1) and against each other.