In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity.
Association of Genetic Variants Related to Gluteofemoral vs Abdominal Fat Distribution With Type 2 Diabetes, Coronary Disease, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors.
Of 119 genes residing in this region, seven genes--14-3-3epsilon (YWHAE), HIC-1, ROX/MNT (a helix-loop-helix transcription factor and member of the MYC/MAX superfamily), KIAA0399, UBE2G1 (ubiquitin ligase), ALOX15, and MINK--encode proteins with potential links to cancer.
Of 119 genes residing in this region, seven genes--14-3-3epsilon (YWHAE), HIC-1, ROX/MNT (a helix-loop-helix transcription factor and member of the MYC/MAX superfamily), KIAA0399, UBE2G1 (ubiquitin ligase), ALOX15, and MINK--encode proteins with potential links to cancer.
Depletion of Zyxin resulted in significantly impaired colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, anchorage-independent growth, and tumor formation in xenograft animal models.
The Zyxin family comprises seven homologous proteins involved in migration and proliferation of many cell types of which Zyxin has been described as a tumour suppressor in ES.
We observe similar phenotypic changes after zyxin gene transfer in SK-N-MC cells, suggesting that zyxin has tumor suppressor activity in Ewing tumor cells.
Functional examination of zyxin by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown in Hep3B cell line indicated a significant inhibition on cell migration through porous membrane (P = 0.002) and invasion through matrigel-coated membrane (P = 0.005).
Altogether, our results suggest that ZYX defective binding to ACTN4, which occupies focal adhesions instead of ACTN1, induces the formation of immature focal adhesions, resulting in the enhancement of cell motility and invasion.
The Zyxin-related protein thyroid receptor interacting protein 6 (TRIP6) is overexpressed in Ewing's sarcoma and promotes migration, invasion and cell growth.
Knockdown of Zyxin expression by siRNA in fibroblastic type OSCC cells was associated with cell morphological changes from spindle (fibroblastic) to polygonal (epithelial) shape and significantly inhibited cell growth as well as cell migration and invasion.
By regulating cell-cell junctions, integrin α5β1 expression, and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion, zyxin may regulate cancer cell motility and EMT during lung cancer development and progression.
Here, we highlight the interesting member of the Zyxin family TRIP6 [thyroid receptor interactor protein 6; also designated ZRP-1 (zyxin-related protein 1)] and review current literature to define its role in cell physiology and cancer.