Our results suggest the existence of both a genetic and connubial effect on CEA, presumably due to a common environmental agent acting in concert with the degree of genetic predisposition to oncogenesis in this syndrome.
The results indicate that B-cell and T-cell sinonasal NHL are associated with EBV in Western as well as in Asian patients, and that EBV may have a role in oncogenesis in NHL of the upper aerodigestive tract.
Further studies to search for alterations of the WT1 gene in tumors and to identify regulatory factors in gene expression will increase understanding of the role of this gene in normal development and tumorigenesis.
A comparison of the incidence rate of colon cancer in the general population with that in patients with polyposis suggests that a mutation at the FAP gene locus is not one of the rate-limiting events in colon carcinogenesis.
Retinoblastoma (RB) and the familial adenomatous polyposis/colorectal cancer (FAP/CRC) complex provide well-characterised examples of multistage carcinogenesis and inheritance of a predisposition to cancer.
As a result, both the WT1 gene located in chromosome 11p13 and an unidentified gene(s) within chromosome 11p15 have been implicated in Wilms' tumorigenesis.
Moreover, the presence of 15 cases of glioblastoma with loss of chromosome 10 but without EGFR gene amplification may further imply that the loss of a tumor suppressor gene (or genes) on chromosome 10 precedes EGFR gene amplification in glioblastoma tumorigenesis.
These results indicate that inactivation of the p53 gene through mutations and the allelic deletion may play an important role in gastric tumorigenesis.
Participation of p53 in this pathway suggests a mechanism for the contribution of abnormalities in p53 to tumorigenesis and genetic instability and provides a useful model for studies of the molecular mechanisms of p53 involvement in controlling the cell cycle.
These data suggest that more than one gene on chromosome 5q21 may contribute to colorectal carcinogenesis and that mutations at the APC gene can cause both adenomatous polyposis coli and Gardner's syndrome.
We examined the effects of TGF-beta on growth and virus early-gene expression in cell lines immortalized by two HPV types associated with cervical carcinogenesis as well as the expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA transcripts in normal and HPV-positive cells in vivo and in vitro.
A previous report using cervical carcinoma cell lines suggests that the inactivation of two tumor suppressor gene products, p53 and pRB, either by complex formation with the E6 and E7 proteins of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) or by mutation, may be an important step in cervical carcinogenesis (M. Scheffner et al., Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 88: 5523-5527, 1991).
The discovery of the tumor suppressor genes, for which loss of function mutations are oncogenic as in the RB gene of the retinoblastoma and p53 gene, has introduced a new concept of oncogenesis which could be useful even in the cure of the neoplasms.
These results overall suggest that amplification of the c-met gene might participate in carcinogenesis and progression of stomach cancer, especially scirrhous type stomach carcinoma.
If a mutation of c-K-ras 2 gene is an important component in the formation of adenocarcinoma, these results did not confirm the successive development from adenomas with severe atypia to advanced carcinomas as the main route for colorectal carcinogenesis in familial adenomatous polyposis patients.
If a mutation of c-K-ras 2 gene is an important component in the formation of adenocarcinoma, these results did not confirm the successive development from adenomas with severe atypia to advanced carcinomas as the main route for colorectal carcinogenesis in familial adenomatous polyposis patients.
The loss of sequences on chromosome 10 and the deletions of 9p (that is loss of tumor suppressor genes on these locations), and epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification, have been proposed as sequential abnormalities participating in glioblastoma tumorigenesis.
These facts indicate that a double positive T cell (CD29+, CD45RA+) was possibly the target cell for HTLV-I infection and that HTLV-I was not directly related to the oncogenesis of the monocyte lineage in the present case, even if it did infect the monocytes.