High-Throughput Flow Cytometric Method for the Simultaneous Measurement of CAR-T Cell Characterization and Cytotoxicity against Solid Tumor Cell Lines.
These works confirmed that simultaneous use of cytokines, for example, rhIL-12, can increase the anti-tumor activity of CAR-T cells, especially for treatments of several types of solid tumors.
Chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR-modified) T cells have shown promising therapeutic effects for hematological malignancies, yet limited and inconsistent efficacy against solid tumors.
Although CAR-T cell therapy did not have satisfactory responses in solid tumors, researchers were still holding an optimistic attitude towards its future efficacy with more modifications of its structure.
Whereas much of the early success with CAR-T cells has been demonstrated with hematological malignancies, important barriers remain for the application of CAR-T cell therapies for the management of metastatic solid tumors.
The data confirmed the antitumor ability and safety of CAR-T cells targeting EpCAM and may provide a new target for CAR-T cell therapies in treating solid tumors.
The presence of sCAR in MPE puts forward the notion that in certain contexts (e.g., within the extracellular matrix of solid tumors) the concentrations of secreted (or shed) CAR may be high enough to effectively compete with Ad gene delivery.
There are obvious differences between the two countries in CAR-targeted antigens in solid tumors and genetic modifications besides CARs for enhancing the potency of CAR T-cells.
In this landscape, most studies have primarily focused on improving CAR-T cells and overcoming the unfavorable effects of tumor microenvironment on solid tumors.
The obstacles that reduce the efficacy of CAR-T therapy in solid tumors include a lack of specific tumor antigens, limited trafficking and penetration of CAR-T cells to tumor sites, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
Overall, our data document the superiority of local production of PD-L1 mini-body by CAd-VEC<i>PDL1</i> combined with administration of tumor-directed CAR T cells to control the growth of solid tumors.<i></i>.
This strategy may facilitate the application of immunotherapy to solid tumors by affording comparable efficacy with improved safety owing to switch-based control of the CAR-T response.
Here, we provide our perspective on how to improve the success of CAR T therapy in solid tumors by focusing on the aspects of target selection and the related TME in CAR T cell design, especially stressing the interplay between them.
These adjuvant-like effects of GSK3 inhibition on activated CAR-T cells may be a valuable adjunct to a successful implementation of CAR-T immunotherapy against GBM and other solid tumors.
Two preclinical studies indicate the potential of using biodegradable nanoparticles to program circulating T cells into CAR T cells <i>in situ</i>, and delivering these therapeutic cells directly to solid tumors via small dissolvable sponges.
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have shown promising efficacy in treatment of hematological malignancies, but its applications in solid tumors need further exploration.