Of the SFs, only HNRNPA1 presented greater than 50 % upregulation (cancer/normal mucosa > 2-fold) incidences and CEA-comparable, acceptable (>70 %) detection accuracy (74 %) for GC.
Combined use of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and H19 level in GC diagnosis was evaluated using ROC curve revealing improvement in performance with an area under the curve of 80.4%.
This review systematically summarizes the three most commonly used biomarkers of GC (e.g., CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4) and addresses two categories of potential molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of GC: microRNA and methylated DNA.
Furthermore, the expression of miR‑130a in plasma in gastric cancer patients was upregulated and diagnostic value for gastric cancer of miR-130a is more effective than the tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA-199. miR-130a directly targeted runt‑related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) and promoted gastric cancer tumorigenesis by targeting RUNX3. miR-130a may therefore be a useful marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer.
The positive prediction rates of circulating miR-21 in GC stages I to IV were all around 90%, while those of CA199 and CEA were around or less than 50%.
Quantitative RT-PCR with CEA and CK-20 mRNA as target markers was introduced for peritoneal lavage diagnosis in 141 patients with clinically advanced gastric cancer from 9 different institutes.
CEA protein and mRNA levels in peritoneal lavage show a high diagnostic accuracy and may help accurately predict the peritoneal recurrence after curative resection of gastric cancer.
Additionally, for females with gastric body-located GC the levels of CEA and CA72-4 were significantly higher than those in male patients with the same type of tumor (p=0.047 and p=0.048, respectively).
Thus, REG4 may be not only a prognostic indicator but also a better serum marker than carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 for early diagnosis of gastric cancer.
However, peritoneal recurrence-free survival was not different between CEA (CK20) mRNA-positive and -negative CRC patients, in quite contrast to GC cases.
Intraoperative quantitative detection of CEA mRNA in the peritoneal lavage of gastric cancer patients with transcription reverse-transcription concerted (TRC) method. A comparative study with real-time quantitative RT-PCR.
The real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the CEA and/or CK20 transcripts in the peritoneal lavage fluid is useful for predicting the peritoneal recurrence in patients who are undergoing a curative resection for gastric cancer.
Both CEA and MUC1 mRNA expression was correlated significantly with all malignant biological properties of GC, such as macroscopic type, depth of tumor invasion, lymph-node metastasis, TNM stage and coexisting distant metastasis (all p < 0.05).
So far the value of conventional tumour markers such as Ca72-4 or carcinoembryonic antigen is limited, and even markers developed from molecular biological studies on the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer, such as E-cadherin and others, have not proved to be of adequate sensitivity and specificity to allow the early detection of gastric cancer.
For 15 cases of peritoneal dissemination (seven cases were cytologically positive), DDC was positive in 13 cases (87% sensitivity), but CEAfailed to detect micrometastases in four cases (73% sensitivity), indicating that DDC is in some cases superior to CEA for the detection of peritoneal micrometastases of gastric cancer in terms of sensitivity as well as specificity, especially for poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas.
Combination of L-3-phosphoserine phosphatase and CEA using real-time RT-PCR improves accuracy in detection of peritoneal micrometastasis of gastric cancer.
To clarify the clinical significance of TSG expression in gastric carcinoma, the expression of various TSG candidates (p53, E-cadherin, FHIT, smad4, rb, VHL, PTEN, MGMT, p16, and KAI1), as well as other proteins (bcl-2, MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CEA, CD44, beta-catenin, C-erbB2, and cyclin B2), was evaluated immunohistochemically in 329 consecutive gastric carcinomas using the tissue array method.