In conclusion, the results indicated that the PSCA rs2294008 T and rs2976392 A alleles were low-penetrate risk factors for GCa in this study population.
Recently, three genome-wide association studies have identified the PSCA (prostate stem cell antigen) rs2294008 polymorphism (C > T) associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer, bladder cancer, and duodenal ulcers, highlighting its critical role in disease pathogenesis.
However, subtype-specific associations were observed for gastric cardia adenocarcinomas at MUC1/TRIM46/1q22 rs2070803 [HRAA versus GA+GG = 2.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.24-3.78; P = 0.0068] and LTA/TNF/6p21.33 rs1799724 (HRTT+CT versus CC = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.07-1.57; P = 0.0077), and for diffuse-type GC at PSCA/8q24.3 rs2294008 (HRTT versus CT+CC = 1.99; 95% CI = 1.33-2.97; P = 7.8E-04).
We conducted a case-control association study of <i>H. pylori</i>-infected gastritis and gastric cancer. rs2294008 was associated with the progression to chronic active gastritis (<i>P =</i> 9.4 × 10<sup>-5</sup>; odds ratio = 3.88, TT + TC vs CC genotype), but not with <i>H. pylori</i> infection <i>per se</i> nor with the progression from active gastritis to gastric cancer.
We found that both rs2294008 (CT vs. CC, OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.20-1.99, <i>P</i><0.001 and CT+TT vs. CC, OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.09-1.74, <i>P</i>=0.008) and rs2976392 (GA vs. GG, OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.25-2.07, <i>P</i><0.001 and GA+AA vs. GG, OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.20-1.92, <i>P</i><0.001) were associated with an increased gastric cancer.
Many epidemiological studies have identified the PSCA rs2294008 T-allele as a risk factor of GC, while others have found an association between the rs2294008 C-allele and risk of DU and gastric ulcer (GU).