To assess the correlation between parathyroid weight and preoperative parathyroid hormone and calcium levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism with a solitary adenoma and determine if these could be used to predict expected parathyroid weight.
[<sup>18</sup>F]FCh-PET parameters (maximum standardized uptake value: SUV<sub>max)</sub> in early phase (after 2 min) and late phase (after 50 min), metabolic volume, and adenoma-to-background ratio (ABR), preoperative laboratory results (PTH and serum calcium concentration), and postoperative histopathology (location, size, volume, and weight of adenoma) were assessed.
Pre-operative serum calcium, PTH, rates of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy and bilateral neck exploration, localization of adenomas with pre-operative ultrasound and sestamibi (MIBI) scans, cure rates and other demographic parameters were compared.
We retrospectively reviewed patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy from 1991 to 2017, analyzing demographics, calcium and PTH, and localizing studies for patients with hyperplasia and single adenoma.
Patients with cystic parathyroid adenomas had higher serum intact parathyroid hormone and calcium levels, larger maximum tumor diameter, and lower serum inorganic phosphorus level than did those with solid adenomas.
There was a positive correlation between the weight of the adenoma and serum PTH and calcium (Ca) levels (P<0.001), between serum PTH and Ca levels (P<0.001), early PT-T and serum Ca levels (P=0.027), late PT-T and weight of the adenoma (P=0.04), and PT SPECT and serum Ca levels (P=0.046) and a reverse correlation between PT SPECT and serum phosphorus (P) levels (P=0.04).
Regarding these 10 cases, in three (30%) patients, ioPTH wasn't dosed (only frozen section (FS) exam was taken), in 5 cases (50%) ioPTH dropped more than 50% compared to basal value (false negative results), and in 2 (20%) cases, ioPTH did not drop >50% from the first samples taken, the extemporary exam had confirmed the presence of adenoma and the probable second hyperfunctioning adenoma was not found.
Leptin, leptin receptor (long isoform), and PTH mRNA transcripts and protein were detected in an overlapping fashion in parathyroid chief cells in adenoma and hyperplastic glands, and also in normal parathyroid by in situ hybridization, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry.
At a preoperative calcium level >11.5 mg/dL and parathyroid hormone (PTH) level >165 mg/dL, we predict that the adenoma would measure more than 2.7 g, 2.18 cm and volume of 3.59 cm<sup>3</sup> .
MIR517C showed the most significant difference in expression between Ca and Ad (P=0.0003) and it positively correlated with serum calcium, parathormone and tumour weight.
Serum calcium was the only significant marker of Klotho expression in multivariate analysis with calcium, phosphate, PTH, and adenoma weight as independent variables.
In this study we examined whether human thymus produces PTH and/or GCMA and whether intrathymic PTH-secreting adenomas express GCMA or GCMB to determine the embryological origin of the secretory cells.
PTH content of normal parathyroids biopsied from patients with parathyroid adenomas (NA) was statistically higher than that of adenomas but statistically lower than that of TN parathyroids.