However, because of low or absent coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor levels on the surface of many kinds of tumor cells, the efficiency of adenovirus infection of target tumor cells may be low.
These data reinforce the importance of CAR<sup>Ex8</sup> in apical adenovirus infection and provide a new model cell line to probe isoform specific biological functions of CAR.
Adenoviruses are common pathogens.The localization of their receptors coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, and desmoglein-2 in cell-cell junction complexes between polarized epithelial cells represents a major challenge for adenovirus infection from the apical surface.
Thus, although a cell type may be resistant to adenovirus infection, it is impossible to know whether it is due to a deficiency, as both CAR absence and inaccessibility are barriers to adenovirus-mediated gene transfer.
This may indicate that CAR expression contributes to the efficacy of adenovirus infection and the antitumor activity of telomelysin in early stages of treatment.
FACS analysis and adenovirus infection assay revealed that there was a good correlation between the level of CAR expression and the transfection efficiency.