Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) represents a group of neurodegenerative disorders typically characterised by demyelination (CMT1) or distal axon degeneration (CMT2) of motor and sensory neurons.
A molecular diagnosis was achieved in 62.6% of patients with CMT attending the inherited neuropathy clinic; in 80.4% of patients with CMT1 (demyelinating CMT) and in 25.2% of those with CMT2 (axonal CMT).
The increased gene dosage of MPZ and increased expression level of MPZ mRNA emphasize the important role of the dosage of the MPZ protein in the functional integrity of peripheral nerve myelin in humans, and provide a new insight into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying CMT.
Although less common than peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) duplication, there are mutations in myelin protein zero (MPZ) responsible for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) with a number of different clinical profiles.
CMT1 (motor conduction velocity (MCV) <38 m/s), CMT2 (MCV >38 m/s) and CMT intermediate (MCV 25-45 m/s) were found in 48.2%, 49.4% and 2.4% of the families.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neuropathies classically divided into demyelinating (CMT1) and axonal forms (CMT2).
Molecular study of the MPZ gene would be useful in cases of CMT in families with intermediate NCV, especially if no mutations in the GJB-1 gene are found or there is male-to-male transmission.
Inherited neuropathies caused by mutations of the major structural protein of peripheral myelin, myelin protein zero (MPZ), contribute to 5% of all cases of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT).
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN), also known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neuropathies classically divided into demyelinating (CMT1) and axonal forms (CMT2).
Mutations in the myelin protein zero (MPZ) gene have been associated with different Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) phenotypes, including classical demyelinating CMT1B and the axonal form of the disease (CMT2).
Duplication within the chromosome 17p11.2 (CMT1Adup), peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22), myelin protein zero (MPZ) and gap junction beta1-protein (GJB1) gene mutations are frequent causes of the Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT).
This work extends the understanding of the pathogenesis of Frabin mutation-associated Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT) 4H and suggests that mutations in Frabin should also be considered in ambulant adults with CMT1.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is genetically heterogeneous and subdivided into demyelinating (CMT 1) and axonal (CMT 2) types based on neurophysiology findings.
Several mutations in the myelin protein zero (MPZ) gene have been associated with different CMT phenotypes, including classical demyelinating CMT1B and the axonal form of the disease.