Patients with an alternative diagnosis and those with sCJD were of similar age, sex and frequency of dementia but CJD mimics had a longer clinical history.
Screening for mutations in the PRNP gene should be performed in all diagnosed cases of prion disease and in cases of familial occurrence of early onset dementia of unknown aetiology.
The APOBEC-related mutations were higher in healthy controls than in cases suffering from neurodegeneration, with the exception of the dementia group with the prion protein gene (PRNP) MV genotype.
The psychiatric symptoms in young patients with sCJD are similar to the psychiatric symptoms expressed by patients with variant CJD; however, in contrast with the variant cases, young patients with sCJD experience development of prominent dementia early in the disease course.
There was a significant correlation between clinical symptoms and the neuroanatomical distribution of prion protein-immunoreactive aggregates, i.e. subtentorial predominance in ataxia vs cortical predominance in dementia.
This case supports the pathogenicity of the T188 PRNP mutation, demonstrates the variability of clinical phenotypes associated with certain mutations, and emphasizes the importance of testing for genetic prion disease in cases of apparently sporadic atypical dementia.
This new mutation extends the list of known pathogenic mutations responsible for genetic CJD, reinforces the clinical heterogeneity of the disease, and advocates for the inclusion of PRNP gene examination in the diagnostic workup of patients with poorly classifiable dementia, even in the absence of family history.
This variant GSS with codon 105 mutation has been found in four pedigrees, only in Japan up to the present, and the clinicopathological phenotype is summarized as follows: (1) onset at age 38-48, with a duration of 7-11 years, (2) prominent spastic paraparesis, associated with dementia and ataxia, (3) numerous amyloid plaques in the cerebral cortex, (4) amorphous PrP deposits with neuronal loss in the deep cortical layers, and (5) minor change of cerebellum.
Two additional variants, which included a thalamic form of CJD and a phenotype characterized by prominent dementia and cortical pathology, were linked to PrP(Sc) type 2 and methionine homozygosity.
Two patients (ages 56 and 57 years), both homozygous for valine-129, showed cerebellar ataxia and later dementianot associated with periodic electroencephalogram; brain PrPres was type 2.
Using this system, we found a new mutation of the PrP gene in a patient with pathologically confirmed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and a negative family history for dementia.
We developed gene panel based technologies to assess 16 genes known to harbour mutations causal of dementia and combined these with PCR based assessments of the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion and the octapeptide repeat region of PRNP.
We present the clinical and neuropathological features of a family with an early and long-standing dementia manifesting with posterior cortical atrophy and related to a 120 bp insertional mutation of the prion protein gene.
We studied whether codon 129 polymorphism of the PrP gene modulates the presence of tau- and Abeta-associated lesions among 188 patients over 70 years of age without evidence of dementia.