A recent genome-wide association study discovered that two polymorphisms, interferon (IFN) alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR-2) F8S and interleukin 10 receptor (IL10RB) K47E, were associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Africa.
Chronicity in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is maintained by increased type 2 T-helper cell response, possibly because of increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) productions.
Genotypes A/A, A/G and G/G of IL-10-1082 were detected in CHB patients and individuals with self-limited HBV infection; however, genotype G/G had not been detected in normal controls.
HBV employs hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) to induce suppressive monocytes with HLA-E, PD-L1, IL-10 and TGF-β expression via the MyD88/NFκB signalling pathway.
Here, we examined the relations between furin, IL-10, IL-12β, interferon (IFN)-γ, programed death (PD)-1, programed death ligand (PD-L)1, and the suppression of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and surface antigen (HBsAg) biosynthesis.
Immunocompromized patients who are unresponsive to hepatitis B vaccination seem to be unable to enhance IL-10 synthesis for control of monokine overproduction.
In addition, the serum IL-10 were negatively correlated with the frequency of Th17 cells in PBMC from patients with chronic HBV infection (r=-0.452, P < 0.01).
Increased IL10 production mediated by IL10-ht2 suggests that up-regulated IL10 accelerates progression of chronic HBV infection, especially to HCC development.
Our meta-analysis supports the growing body of evidence that the presence of the IL10-819 C/T polymorphism is associated with persistent HBV infection and that the -1082A/-819T/-592A haplotype and the -1082A/-819C/-592C haplotype are associated with HBV disease progression in Asians.
PD-1 expression was assessed by (1) flow cytometry and (2) quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8+ T-cells were quantitated by pentamer staining; T-cell reactivity to HBV antigens was determined by interferon gamma (IFNgamma) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays; and central/effector memory phenotypes were defined by phenotypic markers.
Persistent HBV infection susceptibility is associated with the gene polymorphism IL-10 -1082GA in the Chinese population and the clearance of HBV is associated with the gene polymorphism IL-10 -592CA in the Chinese population.
Relationships between tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-12B and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and hepatitis B in Chinese Han haemodialysis patients.