We included 264 ART regimens: 75.6% male, median (IQR) age 47 years (39-53), 7 years (3-16) of HIV infection, nadir CD4+ 247 cells/mm3 (105-361), 81.5% with VL ≤50 copies/mL and 11.7% with at least one NRTI mutation at baseline.
Despite >2 years of universal eligibility for ART in Kenya and South Africa, in 2017-2018 more than half of HIV-positive patients presenting at public sector clinics were not yet aware of their status, and more than a third presented for care with advanced HIV disease.
This study aims to characterize associations between depression symptom severity and HIV infection, both prior to and in years after ART initiation, among older adults.
A combination prevention intervention with ART provided according to local guidelines resulted in a 30% lower incidence of HIV infection than standard care.
Brazil's comprehensive HIV treatment program does not specifically address ART adherence challenges for adolescents-a group accounting for the largest number of incident HIV infections in Brazil.
Older patients in later years since diagnosis are at higher risk of visuospatial and motor impairments despite ART, whereas they are less likely to develop verbal impairment, suggesting that verbal function is relatively resistant to aging and long history of HIV infection under ART.
These data implicate γδ T cells as an inflammatory driver in ART-suppressed HIV infection and provide evidence of distinct "inflamm-aging" processes with and without ART-suppressed HIV infection.
Molecular surveillance of newly diagnosed HIV-infections is important for tracking trends in circulating HIV-variants, including those with transmitted drug resistances (TDR) to sustain ART efficacy.
These findings suggest that people initiating ART at high CD4 counts or due to pregnancy can adhere to ART as well as those starting treatment with symptomatic HIV disease or low CD4 counts.
We therefore measured systemic levels of 84 soluble biomarkers belonging to a broad array of immune pathways in acute HIV infection in both antiretroviral therapy-naive (ART-naive) individuals as well as individuals who began ART upon early detection of HIV infection.
Factors significantly associated with 14-day in-hospital mortality were advanced HIV infection (p<0.001), poor ART adherence (p<0.001), low CD4+ (p=0.0002) and Mycobacteremia (p=0.007).
Although early ART appears to preserve cortical thickness and volumes of certain brain structures, HIV infection is nevertheless associated with reduced gyrification in the parietal cortex, and lower putamen and hippocampus volumes.
A mathematical model to estimate the number of new HIV infections averted and the associated lifetime costs over 5 years if all HIV-positive temporary residents in Australia had access to ART and subsidised medical care was developed.
We examined factors associated with prompt antiretroviral therapy/ART (within 1 month of HIV-positive diagnosis or 1 week if pregnant) among 343 women at high risk for HIV infection in Kampala-Uganda, of whom 28% initiated prompt ART.
Sustained efforts by national HIV and public health programs to diagnose HIV infection in adolescent girls and young women as early as possible to ensure rapid initiation of ART should help achieve epidemic control among adolescent girls and young women.