The best predictor of HIV DNA at 1 year was pre-ART HIV DNA, which was in turn significantly associated with CD8 memory T-cell differentiation (effector memory, naive, and T-bet-Eomes- subsets), CD8 T-cell activation (CD38 expression) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (Tim-3) expression on memory T cells.
Multipotent colony-forming units and long-term hematopoietic-reconstituting cells in immunodeficient mice were found exclusively in the ESAM(High) fraction of CD34(+)CD38(-) cells.
There is no significant difference concerning the proportion of CD8(+) T cells expressing CD38 or HLA-DR between HIV-1-monoinfected and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients.
We explored the role of CD38 and functionally associated molecular risk factors in a recently described chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) nonobese diabetic/ severe combined immunodeficient xenograft model.
The CD34(+)CD38(-) CML cell population with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was the most enriched for immunodeficient mouse engrafting capacity.
CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, CD19(+) B cells, and CD14(+) monocytes were purified from PBMCs. mtDNA levels were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and compared among the 2 groups of HIV-infected patients and a group of HIV-negative control subjects. mtDNA levels in a separate group of ART-naive patients stratified by the rate of disease progression were also evaluated with respect to their relationship to immune-activation markers (i.e., CD38 and programmed cell death-1 [PD-1]) on CD8(+) T cells and the rate of CD4(+) T cell loss.
To explore this potential, CD34(+) or highly purified CD34(+)CD38(-)CD7(-) human hematopoietic stem cells from umbilical cord blood and bone marrow were transplanted into immunodeficient mice.
The proportion of HIV-1-derived CD34+ cells that did not express the CD38 antigen was significantly lower (HIV-1+: mean, 1.73%; controls: mean, 14%; P < .0005) than in controls.