Surveillance of children with chronic liver diseases with ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein may be helpful in timely detection, intervention and overall improvement in outcome of HCC.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic condition that arises from mutations in the SERPINA1 gene and predisposes to develop pulmonary emphysema and, less frequently, liver disease.
Of the 23 patients who were positive for both anti-HCV and HCV-RNA, 16 (69%) had a moderate increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity without clinical signs of liver disease.
The responder genotypes also showed association with markers of stage and activity of liver disease, namely high aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index (APRI, rs12979860, P = 0.018; rs8099917, not significant) and high alanine aminotransferase (ALT, rs12979860, P = 0.002; rs8099917, P = 0.001), in addition to a high baseline viral load (rs12979860, P = 1.4 × 10(-5) ; rs8099917, P = 7.3 × 10(-6) ).
The classical form of α1-antitrypsin deficiency (ATD) is characterized by intracellular accumulation of the misfolded variant α1-antitrypsin Z (ATZ) and severe liver disease in some of the affected individuals.
Finally, in order to demonstrate the potential use of our proposed system, we recruited 246 patients over a period of 2.5 years from a local hospital in Taiwan and examined the correlations between the captured tongue features and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST), which are important bio-markers for liver diseases.
Seventy-nine patients had NTM-RFA and 62 had SR. After IPTW, the two groups were well-balanced for most baseline characteristics including tumor size, location, etiology, severity of underlying liver disease and alpha-fetoprotein level.
The PiZZ women taking medication influencing liver enzymes had significantly higher GGT than the PiMM women on the corresponding treatment (P = 0.023).These AAT-deficient individuals identified by neonatal screening have normal plasma levels of liver function tests, and no clinical signs indicating liver disease at the age of 37 to 40 years.
This observation is the first of a patient with heterozygous Mmalton genotype associated with an alpha1AT deficiency that induced severe liver disease requiring orthotopic liver transplantation.
The most frequent disease-associated mutations include the S allele and the Z allele of SERPINA1, which lead to the accumulation of misfolded α1-antitrypsin in hepatocytes, endoplasmic reticulum stress, low circulating levels of α1-antitrypsin and liver disease.
Persons with chronic HCV infection and persistently normal serum ALT levels have milder liver disease than, and respond to IFN therapy similarly to, persons with elevated ALT levels.
There is no specific treatment for COPD but understanding the pathophysiology of the disease in A1AT deficiency has led to strategies being used or developed to prevent the lung and liver disease.
The results provide evidence for identifying epigenetic factors of elivated ALT and may be useful for risk assessment and personalized medicine of liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that blocking TNF action with an anti-TNF monoclonal antibody (CNTO5048) will slow the progression of NPC liver disease.
Net synthesis of stress proteins is not increased in individuals with another variant of the alpha 1-AT gene (PiS alpha 1-AT) and is not increased in individuals with severe liver disease but a normal alpha 1-AT haplotype (PiM alpha 1-AT).
Among the 88 HCV-RNA-positive patients, 15 (17.0%) had normal alanine aminotransferase levels and abdominal ultrasound, 61 (69.3%) had nonprogressive chronic hepatitis, and 12 (13.7%) had severe liver disease (6 [6.9%] liver cirrhosis, 4 [4.5%] hepatic decompensation, and 2 [2.3%] hepatocellular carcinoma) after a follow-up period of 25 years.
This protein deposition can lead to liver disease, with the resulting low circulating levels of AAT predisposing to early-onset emphysema due to dysregulation of elastinolytic activity in the lungs.
Proportion of patients achieving a sustained virological response (SVR), predictors of SVR, and impact of treatment on biochemical markers of liver disease (alanine aminotransferase levels and aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index scores).
Further studies are necessary to elucidate the frequency of various alpha 1-antitrypsin variants and the clinical relevance with respect to liver diseases in Thailand.