The VEGF rebound induced by hypoxia following transarterial embolization/chemoembolization for primary liver cancer is associated with treatment failure and poor survival rates in patients.
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the combination of serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE).