Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of two imprinted genes, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and H19, have been associated with obesity due to their important roles in regulating body composition, but have not been examined in relation to intra-abdominal fat depots.
Using candidate gene approach, obesity- (insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), proopiomelanocortin (POMC)) and vitamin D metabolism-related genes (1-alfa-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), VDR) regulated by DNA methylation were selected.
In conclusion, elevated serum preptin and decreased osteocalcin concentrations, together with insulin resistance, are associated with obesity and overweight.
In this study, our aim was to determine associations between preconceptional obesity and DNA methylation profiles in the offspring, particularly at the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the imprinted Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) gene.
Altered methylation at Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 (IGF2) regulatory regions has previously been associated with obesity, and several malignancies including colon, esophageal, and prostate adenocarcinomas, presumably via changes in expression and/or loss of imprinting, but the functional significance of these DNA methylation marks have not been demonstrated in humans.
We performed the molecular screening of two IGF2 polymorphisms (6815 A/T, 820 G/A), in 227 obese children to evaluate the potential association between IGF2 variants with either obesity or high blood pressure (assessed with a 24-h holter system) or both.
Some reports also refer to the effect of disturbances in the expression of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system on pancreas beta-cell function in humans and IGF-2/ApaI polymorphisms have been associated with obesity and features of the metabolic syndromes.
Study of association between common variation in the insulin-like growth factor 2 gene and indices of obesity and body size in middle-aged men and women.
In steatohepatitis, an increase of the protein expression of mitochondrial antigens, IL-1R1, IGF2 and TGFB1 was also observed, interleukin 1 receptor being always strongly expressed in steatohepatitis linked to alcohol or obesity.
Furthermore, human population studies have established significant associations between specific polymorphisms at the insulin-like growth factor II gene and obesity which is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis.
The subtelomeric region of 11p harbours three closely linked genes, TH, INS and IGF2, that have been associated with obesity, size at birth, type I diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, overgrowth in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and possibly hypertension.
Several candidate genes, including tubby (tub), multigenic obesity 1 (Mob1), adult obesity and diabetes (Ad), and insulin-like growth factor-2 (Igf2), map to murine regions homologous to the QTL region identified on rat Chr.1.