Vactosertib induced significant regression of fibrotic plaques in PD rats <i>in vivo</i> through reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and reduced expression of phospho-Smad2, which recovered erectile function.
We explored the role of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in rat and human penes after ischemic priapism (IP) to verify the effects of anti-LOX in relieving penile fibrosis and preventing erectile dysfunction caused by IP in rats.
Overexpression of the SMAD7 gene decreased the expression of cyclin D1 (a positive cell cycle regulator) and induced the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, which is known to terminate Smad-mediated transcription, in PD fibroblasts.
Overexpression of the SMAD7 gene decreased the expression of cyclin D1 (a positive cell cycle regulator) and induced the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, which is known to terminate Smad-mediated transcription, in PD fibroblasts.
We observed that Ad-HDAC2 shRNA decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced transnuclear expression of phospho-Smad3 and regressed fibrotic plaque of the tunica albuginea in PD rats in vivo. siRNA-mediated silencing of HDAC2 significantly decreased the TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and collagen production, and induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of PARP1, and decreased the expression of cyclin D1 (a positive cell-cycle regulator) in primary cultured fibroblasts derived from human PD plaque in vitro.
We observed that Ad-HDAC2 shRNA decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced transnuclear expression of phospho-Smad3 and regressed fibrotic plaque of the tunica albuginea in PD rats in vivo. siRNA-mediated silencing of HDAC2 significantly decreased the TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and collagen production, and induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of PARP1, and decreased the expression of cyclin D1 (a positive cell-cycle regulator) in primary cultured fibroblasts derived from human PD plaque in vitro.
Knockdown of HDAC2 in PD fibroblasts abrogated TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix production by blocking TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2 and Smad3, and by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts.
Some of the gene families upregulated in both PD and DD were (a) collagen degradation: matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), with MMP2 and MMP9, and thymosins (MMP activators), with TMbeta10 and TMbeta4; (b) ossification: osteoblast-specific factors (OSFs) OSF-1 and OSF-2 (DD only); and (c) myofibroblast differentiation: RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor 1.
Some of the gene families upregulated in both PD and DD were (a) collagen degradation: matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), with MMP2 and MMP9, and thymosins (MMP activators), with TMbeta10 and TMbeta4; (b) ossification: osteoblast-specific factors (OSFs) OSF-1 and OSF-2 (DD only); and (c) myofibroblast differentiation: RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor 1.
In vitro model of PD was designed using experimental model of inflammation induced by Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in cultured fibroblasts and mechanical damage of the cells.
In vitro model of PD was designed using experimental model of inflammation induced by Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in cultured fibroblasts and mechanical damage of the cells.
In view of the critical role of TGF-β and the Smad pathway in the pathogenesis of PD, inhibition of this pathway with an ALK5 inhibitor may represent a novel, targeted therapy for PD.
The experiments showed that the protein and messenger RNA levels of α-smooth muscle actin in non-PD TA cells and PD plaque-derived cells were significantly higher in cells exposed to TGF-β1 than those not treated with TGF-β1.
From January 2007 to January 2015, 60 non-randomized consecutive patients affected by end-stage Peyronie disease underwent PIG and PP implantation (AMS 700CX; Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA).
The effect of an ADORA2B agonist on TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transformation shows a novel potential therapeutic target for PD if applied during early, non-stable phase of PD.Mateus M, Ilg MM, Stebbeds WJ, et al.
The expression of all IGF1 alternative spliced isoforms is decreased in patients with PD, suggestive of its possible participation in the pathophysiology of PD.
Two senior surgeons (GH, LAL) describe their surgical technique in detail, and provide important aspects and tips one has to be aware of when performing a grafting technique in patients with PD.