Treatment with soy isoflavones exerts beneficial effects in PCOS rats (with decreased aromatase activity) which might be due to their ability to decrease testosterone concentration in the peripheral blood.
A syndrome of female pseudohermaphrodism, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and multicystic ovaries associated with missense mutations in the gene encoding aromatase (P450arom).
The genotypic distributions of rs2414096 (GG, AG, AA) in the CYP19 gene (GG, AG, AA) in women with PCOS (0.363, 0.474, 0.163, respectively) were significantly different from that in controls (0.242, 0.500, 0.258, respectively) (P = 0.001).
In female rats, continuous administration of letrozole, a nonsteroidal inhibitor of P450 aromatase, at 400 μg/d starting before puberty induces hyperandrogenemia and reproductive abnormalities similar to those in women with PCOS.
Our data suggest that the common missense polymorphism rs710059 is associated with susceptibility to PCOS and that the Arg(264)Cys variant may increase aromatase enzymatic activity.
We previously demonstrated that continuous exposure to the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (LET) in mice produces many hallmarks of PCOS, including elevated testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone, anovulation, and obesity.
These findings indicated that the CYP19 alleles rs727479A/C and rs700519C/T might be associated with the pregnancy outcome after ART in patients with PCOS.
Importantly, PCOS women with long SHBG-short CYP19 alleles had the lowest SHBG levels (P=0.02) and the highest total testosterone (P=0.008), free androgen index (P=0.002), DHEAS (P=0.02), and testosterone/estradiol ratio (P=0.03), compared with those with other genotypes.
AKR1C3 is implicated in the production of androgens in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and polycystic ovarian syndrome; and is implicated in the production of aromatase substrates in breast cancer.
Aromatase deficiency in a female who is compound heterozygote for two new point mutations in the P450arom gene: impact of estrogens on hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, multicystic ovaries, and bone densitometry in childhood.
The aim of this study was to examine whether the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)(TAAAA)n and the cytochrome P450, family 19 (CYP19)(TTTA)n polymorphisms, known to influence sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels and aromatase activity respectively, play a synergistic role in the development of PCOS.
The upregulated phosphorylation of IRS-1 (S307), down-regulated phosphorylation of PI3Kp85α, Akt, and FoxO1a were significantly reversed by LWDH Pills (3.6 g kg<sup>-1</sup>·day<sup>-1</sup>) in PCOS-IR rats with up-regulated mRNA levels of FSHR and Cyp19a1 in ovary.
Aromatase catalyses the conversion of androgens to estrogens and thus variation in the aromatase gene could contribute to female syndromes of androgen excess, such as precocious pubarche (PP) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Ovulation can be restored in women with PCOS using letrozole (an aromatase inhibitor), clomifene citrate (an oestrogen antagonist) or exogenous gonadotrophin administration.
These results suggest that insulin may contribute to AMH elevation in PCOS and that AMH counteracts insulin-promoted aromatase expression in granulosa cells.
P450AROM mRNA was measured in individual follicles from 16 PCOS and 48 regularly cycling control women by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and correlated with follicular fluid oestradiol concentrations and aromatase stimulating bioactivity measured by the rat granulosa cells aromatase bioassay.