A syndrome of female pseudohermaphrodism, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and multicystic ovaries associated with missense mutations in the gene encoding aromatase (P450arom).
The genotypic distributions of rs2414096 (GG, AG, AA) in the CYP19 gene (GG, AG, AA) in women with PCOS (0.363, 0.474, 0.163, respectively) were significantly different from that in controls (0.242, 0.500, 0.258, respectively) (P = 0.001).
Our data suggest that the common missense polymorphism rs710059 is associated with susceptibility to PCOS and that the Arg(264)Cys variant may increase aromatase enzymatic activity.
These findings indicated that the CYP19 alleles rs727479A/C and rs700519C/T might be associated with the pregnancy outcome after ART in patients with PCOS.
Aromatase catalyses the conversion of androgens to estrogens and thus variation in the aromatase gene could contribute to female syndromes of androgen excess, such as precocious pubarche (PP) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Ovulation can be restored in women with PCOS using letrozole (an aromatase inhibitor), clomifene citrate (an oestrogen antagonist) or exogenous gonadotrophin administration.
We identified two mutations in the CYP19 gene responsible for aromatase deficiency in an 18-year-old 46,XX female with ambiguous external genitalia at birth, primary amenorrhea and sexual infantilism, and polycystic ovaries.
Therefore, rs2470152 in CYP19 was not a major etiological factor for PCOS; however, the heterozygous TC genotype may inhibit aromatase activity, resulting in hyperandrogenism, particularly in PCOS patients.
Potential associations of the CYP19(TTTA)7 allele with ovarian response to standard gonadotrophin stimulation and with assisted reproduction outcome were found in PCOS women, probably due to androgen/estrogen ratio alterations.
Aromatase distal promoter-region variation was also associated with PCOS symptom score in Oxford women (r(2) = 14.5%, p = 0.048), but, unlike SNP50, was not associated with precocious pubarche risk in Barcelona girls.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the (TTTA) n polymorphism in intron 4 of CYP19 and the PCOS risk in a Chinese population.
In female rats, continuous administration of letrozole, a nonsteroidal inhibitor of P450 aromatase, at 400 μg/d starting before puberty induces hyperandrogenemia and reproductive abnormalities similar to those in women with PCOS.
We previously demonstrated that continuous exposure to the aromatase inhibitor letrozole (LET) in mice produces many hallmarks of PCOS, including elevated testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone, anovulation, and obesity.
Importantly, PCOS women with long SHBG-short CYP19 alleles had the lowest SHBG levels (P=0.02) and the highest total testosterone (P=0.008), free androgen index (P=0.002), DHEAS (P=0.02), and testosterone/estradiol ratio (P=0.03), compared with those with other genotypes.
AKR1C3 is implicated in the production of androgens in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and polycystic ovarian syndrome; and is implicated in the production of aromatase substrates in breast cancer.
Aromatase deficiency in a female who is compound heterozygote for two new point mutations in the P450arom gene: impact of estrogens on hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, multicystic ovaries, and bone densitometry in childhood.
P450AROM mRNA was measured in individual follicles from 16 PCOS and 48 regularly cycling control women by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and correlated with follicular fluid oestradiol concentrations and aromatase stimulating bioactivity measured by the rat granulosa cells aromatase bioassay.