We assessed coverage rates of nationally recommended basic vaccinations (i.e., diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis [DTaP], Haemophilus influenzae type b [Hib], poliomyelitis [IPV], measles, mumps, and rubella [MMR]) and supplementary vaccinations (i.e., pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV] and meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine [MCV]) for each birth cohort at the age of 13, 25, and 37 months.
Using the National Immunization Survey-Teen data, we assessed vaccination coverage during 2012-2014 among adolescents for routinely recommended vaccines for this age group (≥1 dose tetanus and diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis [Tdap] vaccine, ≥1 dose quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate [MenACWY] vaccine, ≥3 doses human papillomavirus [HPV] vaccine) and for routine childhood vaccination catch-up doses (≥2 doses measles, mumps, and rubella [MMR] vaccine, ≥2 doses varicella vaccine, and ≥3 doses hepatitis B [HepB] vaccine).
Immunogenicity and safety of a novel MMR vaccine (live, freeze-dried) containing the Edmonston-Zagreb measles strain, the Hoshino mumps strain, and the RA 27/3 rubella strain: Results of a randomized, comparative, active controlled phase III clinical trial.
Several SNPs within the coding and regulatory regions of cytokine and cytokine receptor genes showed associations with mumps and rubella antibody levels but were less informative as strong linkage disequilibrium patterns and lower frequencies for minor alleles were observed among these SNPs.
Several SNPs within the coding and regulatory regions of cytokine and cytokine receptor genes showed associations with mumps and rubella antibody levels but were less informative as strong linkage disequilibrium patterns and lower frequencies for minor alleles were observed among these SNPs.
Significant associations were also found between IL10RB (rs2284552; measles study p value 0.006, rubella study p value 0.00008) and IL12B (rs2546893; measles study p value 0.005, rubella study p value 0.03) gene polymorphisms and variations in both measles- and rubella virus-specific IL-6 responses.
Single-SNP assessments identified 4 SNPs that appeared to be univariately associated with rubella antibody levels: rs2844482 (p = 0.0002) and rs2857708 (p = 0.001) in the 5'UTR of the LTA gene, rs7801617 in the 5'UTR of the IL6 gene (p = 0.0005), and rs4787947 in the 5'UTR of the IL4R gene (p = 0.002).
Significant associations were also found between IL10RB (rs2284552; measles study p value 0.006, rubella study p value 0.00008) and IL12B (rs2546893; measles study p value 0.005, rubella study p value 0.03) gene polymorphisms and variations in both measles- and rubella virus-specific IL-6 responses.
Our data indicate that SNPs near the butyrophilin genes (BTN3A3/BTN2A1) and cytokine receptors (IL10RB/IFNAR1) are associated with variations in IFNγ secretion and that multiple SNPs in the PVR gene, as well as SNPs located in the ADAR gene, exhibit significant associations with rubella virus-specific IL-6 secretion.
Significant associations were also found between IL10RB (rs2284552; measles study p value 0.006, rubella study p value 0.00008) and IL12B (rs2546893; measles study p value 0.005, rubella study p value 0.03) gene polymorphisms and variations in both measles- and rubella virus-specific IL-6 responses.
TNFA haplotype AAACGGGGC (t-statistic = 3.32) and IL12B promoter haplotype TAG (t-statistic = 2.66) were associated with higher levels of (p < or = 0.01) rubella-IgG and IL-6 secretion, respectively.
TNFA haplotype AAACGGGGC (t-statistic = 3.32) and IL12B promoter haplotype TAG (t-statistic = 2.66) were associated with higher levels of (p < or = 0.01) rubella-IgG and IL-6 secretion, respectively.
The association with the DR antigen was thought to be primary to those with the HLA-A or B antigens, suggesting that the gene(s) controlling the low responsiveness to rubella might be located near the HLA-DR locus in the human 6th chromosome.
TNFA haplotype AAACGGGGC (t-statistic = 3.32) and IL12B promoter haplotype TAG (t-statistic = 2.66) were associated with higher levels of (p < or = 0.01) rubella-IgG and IL-6 secretion, respectively.
All analytes required age partitioning except β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), rubella immunoglobulin G (rubella IgG), and vitamin D. Several analytes including estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), thyroid uptake, ferritin, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and myoglobin showed sex differences, observed mostly with the onset of puberty.
An intronic SNP (rs669260) in the antiviral innate immune receptor gene, DDX58, was significantly associated with increased neutralizing antibody titers for both measles and rubella viral antigens post-MMR vaccination (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively).
We identified 23 significant associations (p < 0.05) between polymorphisms within the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) gene cluster, and rubella virus-specific IL-2, IL-10, IL-6 secretion, and antibody levels.
Additional consanguinous pedigrees were also demonstrated to be unlinked both to TGM1 and to 2q33-35, suggesting the existence of at least a third disease-causing gene.