A total of 58 thymoma patients with MG (23 GMG and 35 OMG) and 73 thymoma patients without MG were analyzed using immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD25, Foxp3 and CXCL13.
Activation of TREM-1 protected monocytic cells from apoptosis through activation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase and v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homologue pathways and increased expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 protein.
Activation of TREM-1 protected monocytic cells from apoptosis through activation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase and v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homologue pathways and increased expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 protein.
Among patients with neuromyotonia and/or myasthenia gravis, the presence of Netrin-1 receptor or Caspr2 antibodies predicted thymoma (<i>p</i> < 0.05).
Among patients with neuromyotonia and/or myasthenia gravis, the presence of Netrin-1 receptor or Caspr2 antibodies predicted thymoma (<i>p</i> < 0.05).
Antibodies against Netrin-1 receptors (DCC and UNC5a) and Caspr2 often coexist and associate with thymoma in patients with neuromyotonia and myasthenia gravis.
Antibodies against Netrin-1 receptors (DCC and UNC5a) and Caspr2 often coexist and associate with thymoma in patients with neuromyotonia and myasthenia gravis.
Antibodies to titin were found in sera from 85.7% of MG patients with thymoma (all age groups) and in 58% of nonthymomatous MG with late onset and acetylcholine receptor antibodies.
Apart from their different morphology, TC and thymomas differ also in functional terms (TC, in contrast to thymomas, have lost the capacity to promote the maturation of intratumorous lymphocytes), have different genetic features (discussed in this review), a different immunoprofile (most TC overexpress c-KIT, whereas thymomas are consistently negative), and different clinical features (TC, in contrast to thymomas, are not associated with paraneoplastic myasthenia gravis).
Association of KIT exon 9 mutations with nongastric primary site and aggressive behavior: KIT mutation analysis and clinical correlates of 120 gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
Autoantibodies against intracellular targets, namely cortactin, titin, and ryanodine receptor (the latter two being associated with the presence of thymoma), may also be helpful as biomarkers in some patients.