We explored whether AMH, as a surrogate for oocyte supply, varies by FMR1 genotype in women diagnosed with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), a subset of the Primary Ovarian Insufficiency phenotype.
We studied five groups of women with ovarian dysfunction for the CGG expansion in FMR1 and a (TA)n polymorphism in the estrogen receptor gene: a) poor responders to ovarian stimulation as part of in vitro fertilization (n = 13); b) women with familial premature ovarian failure (POF) (n = 7); c) sporadic cases with POF (n = 16); d) FRAXA premutation carriers with POF (n = 7); and e) FRAXA premutation carriers without POF (n = 9).
Molecular screening of intellectually disabled patients and those with premature ovarian failure for CGG repeat expansion at FMR1 locus: Implication of combined triplet repeat primed polymerase chain reaction and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis.
These results are clinically relevant and suggest that the FMR1 gene plays a more significant role in the incidence of POF than has previously been thought.
Previous studies have demonstrated that transplantation of hAECs effectively alleviate chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage via inhibiting granulose cells apoptosis in animal models of premature ovarian failure/insufficiency (POF/POI).
To increase awareness of the unique clinical and ethical considerations invoked by the request of a patient with premature ovarian failure (POF) and her nulliparous sister, both with intermediate-size mutations in fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1), to pursue sibling ovum donation.
First, the couples have to be informative (the number of triplet repeats on the healthy FMR-1 allele of the mother has to be different from the number of repeats on the healthy FMR-1 allele of the father) and second, women with a premutation are at increased risk of premature ovarian failure.
Premutations in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene cause fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and FMR1-related primary ovarian insufficiency (POI).
The FMR1 gene is involved in three different syndromes: fragile X syndrome (FXS), primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) in older patients.
Male premutation carriers presenting between 55 and 200 CGG repeats in the Fragile-X-associated (FMR1) gene are at risk of developing Fragile X Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS), and females undergo Premature Ovarian Failure (POF1).
Smaller (CGG)(n) repeat expansions in FMR1, premutations, are associated with premature ovarian failure and fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome.
The genetic analysis performed on a cohort of patients with POI revealed that 8% had FMR1 premutation and only one patient a previously known variant of BMP-15 gene.
The risk for premature ovarian failure increases in association with two principal known etiologies: in the presence of excessive triple CGG expansions on the FMR1 (fragile X) gene (genetic etiology) and in association with a variety of autoimmune conditions (autoimmune etiology).