As oral cavity is the main location of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency and shedding, and as EBV-encoded latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) has a crucial role in cell transformation, association between EBV infection, LMP-1 expression and oral malignancy is of interest.
Fibronectin is regarded as a prognosticator in NPC and its involvement in cell motility has been reported in EBV infection and viral latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) overexpression NPC cell lines.
Together, these findings suggest that LMP1 modulates different post-translational modifications of SENP2 in order to modulate its biology and identify a third member of the sumoylation machinery that is manipulated by LMP1 during latent EBV infections, which can affect oncogenesis.
The knockout of either LMP1 or LMP2A blocked the eIF4E activation, which is induced either by the EBV infection or by the overexpression of LMP1 or LMP2A.
These data suggest new functions of the N terminus and transmembrane domains in LMP1 intra- and extracellular trafficking that are likely downstream of an interaction with CD63.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> EBV infection contributes to the development of cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and posttransplant lymphomas, in immunocompromised or genetically susceptible individuals.
In the context of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, CD63 is required for the efficient packaging of the major viral oncoprotein latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) into exosomes and other EV populations and acts as a negative regulator of LMP1 intracellular signaling.
Recent evidence has shown that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) oncogene LMP1 is not expressed at high levels early after EBV infection of primary B cells, despite its being essential for the long-term outgrowth of immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs).
LMP1 is expressed in EBV-infected germinal center (GC) B cells of immunocompetent individuals, suggesting that it may contribute to persistent EBV infection.
Our findings help to elucidate the still enigmatic link between EBV infection and MS development, suggesting that myelin-reactive antibodies raised as a response toward EBV protein LMP1 are not truly cross-reactive but are primarily caused by epitope spreading.
We show that EBV infection or ectopic expression of the EBV-encoded latent genes (EBNA1, LMP1, and LMP2A) can up-regulate sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1), the key enzyme that produces S1P, in NPC cell lines.
The mutual regulation between p53 and LMP1 may play an important role in EBV infection and latency and its related cancers.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> The tumor suppressor p53 is a critical cellular protein in response to various stresses and dictates cells for various responses, including apoptosis.
Immunohistochemistry for EBV related proteins, such as LMP1, is much less sensitive than EBER in situ hybridization, but can help determine latency patterns of EBV infection.
Here we show that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection of primary human B-cells leads to the down-regulation of DOK1 gene expression via the viral oncoprotein LMP1.
This study aimed to investigate the LMP1 expression and EBV infection in relation to clinical outcome and survival in a series of Mexican NPC patients.
We therefore investigated the incidence of latent EBV infection in a group of patients with leukemic low-grade B-NHL, as well as the incidence of viral latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) oncoprotein expression in the same patient group.
Our aim was to correlate Fc-γ RIIA polymorphisms, by studying the prevalence of each allele using PCR-RFLPs (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms), with latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and the expression of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) in 40 patients with leukemic low grade B-cell lymphomas.
Elucidation of the mechanisms involved in LMP1-induced genomic instability in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells will shed lights on the understanding of role of EBV infection in NPC development.
In this study, we investigated the diversity of the EBV genes (EBNA-1 and LMP-1) and the relationship between EBV variants and the clinical phenotypes in diseases associated with EBV infections in Chinese pediatric cases.
EBV infection was localized by EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization and by immunohistochemical stains for viral latent proteins LMP1 and LMP2 and for viral lytic proteins BMRF1 and BZLF1.
Tissues from 150 patients were also analyzed for the presence of latent EBV infection using in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) and immunohistochemistry for latent membrane protein (LMP1).
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with many human neoplasms, in which EBV-derived latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) appears to be critical, but its exact oncogenic mechanism remains to be defined.