The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) promotes fibroblasts proliferation, the synthesis of collagen and other extracellular matrix, and ultimately leads to the formation of the HS by inducing excessive deposition of ECM.
After finding increased levels of mir-181b in deep dermal fibroblasts, it was demonstrated that TGF-β1 stimulation decreased miR-24 but increased miR-181b and that hypertrophic scar and deep dermis contained increased levels of miR-181b.
Our data showed not only a threefold increase of miR-145 levels in skin hypertrophic scar tissue but also in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced skin myofibroblasts compared with healthy skin or nontreated fibroblasts (p < 0.001).
These results suggest that P311 may be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scar via induction of a myofibroblastic phenotype and of functions such as TGF-beta1 expression.
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma inhibits transforming growth factor-beta1 induction of connective tissue growth factor and extracellular matrix in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro.
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) upregulation has been implicated in hypertrophic scars and keloids, but it is unclear if it is the cause or an effect of excessive scar formation.
RT-PCR demonstrates that after IFN treatment, downregulation of TGF-beta1 mRNA accounts in part for the reduction in protein secretion in HSc fibroblasts.
In conclusion, hypertrophic scar tissue and fibroblasts produce more mRNA and protein for transforming growth factor-beta1, which may be important in hypertrophic scar formation.
An increase in the length of the dermatan sulphate chain on decorin, a previously reported characteristic of this glycosaminoglycan in hypertrophic scar, was seen in all but two of the strains treated with transforming growth factor-beta 1.
Five cases of human hypertrophic scar were compared with normal skin using in situ hybridization to localize mRNAs for procollagen types I and III and transforming growth factor-beta 1.
Alteration in cell morphology triggers transforming growth factor-beta 1, collagenase, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-I expression in normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.
These findings suggest that the effect of passage on the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in hypertrophic scar tissue fibroblasts is more pronounced than in normal cells derived from the same patient.
This study provided evidence that suppression of CTGF could be a viable strategy for hypertrophic scar reduction therapy and that further study of the antisense oligonucleotide EXC 001 was indicated.
We hypothesised that a feedback mechanism of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signalling pathway, triggered by high-level TGF-β1, activates platelet-rich plasma (PRP) release to reduce connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) production and expression of CTGF mRNA in hypertrophic scar dermal fibroblasts.
The expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) was upregulated both in HS tissues and HSFs, which is proposed to play a key role in ECM deposition in HS.