Here, it is summarised the role of CA IX as tumour-associated protein and its putative relationship in liquid biopsyfor diagnosing and monitoring cancer progression.
Although many of the anti-tumour effects of CAIX inhibition may be dependent on its role in pH regulation, recent work has shown that CAIX interacts with several of the signalling pathways involved in the cellular response to radiation, suggesting that pH-independent mechanisms may also be an important basis of its role in tumour progression.
Magnetic nanoparticles with the optimal DLL content were conjugated with the M75 monoclonal antibody specific to carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), which is considered one of the best markers of tumor hypoxia and a prognostic indicator of cancer progression.
In conclusion, genetic variations of the CA9 3'UTR play important roles in regulating CA9 expression and cancer progression, which is a novel determinant and target for HCC metastasis and prognosis.
Taken together, our results suggest the possibility that CA9 exosomes released from hypoxic RCC may enhance angiogenesis in microenvironment, thereby contributing to cancer progression.
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is an important orchestrator of hypoxic tumour environment, associated with tumour progression, high incidence of metastasis and poor response to therapy.
Here, we have utilized proximity dependent biotinylation (BioID) to map the CAIX 'interactome' in breast cancer cells in order to identify physiologically relevant CAIX-associating proteins with potential roles in tumor progression.
This showed that CAIX knock-down had a relatively minor effect on the global transcriptional response to hypoxia, however it blocked hypoxia-induced upregulation of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), a secreted glycoprotein that has been shown to promote tumor progression and metastasis in BC.
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a membranously located metalloenzyme involved in pH homeostasis with influence on regulation of cell proliferation, oncogenesis and tumor progression.
In human cancers, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) influences cell proliferation and tumor progression, maintaining intracellular and extracellular pH under hypoxic conditions.
In human cancers, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) contributes to maintain intracellular and extracellular pH under hypoxic conditions, but also influences regulation of cell proliferation and tumor progression.
Our findings suggest that hypoxia regulates both expression and activity of CA IX in order to enhance the extracellular acidification, which may have important implications for tumor progression.
We conclude that the cell surface trans-membrane carbonic anhydrases CA IX and CA XII are overexpressed in many tumors suggesting that this is a common feature of cancer cells that may be required for tumor progression.