To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, to induce regression and prevent the progression of CIN.
In the present study, the methylation status of three tumor suppressor genes, retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ), p16 and cadherin 1 (CDH1), and the inflammatory-associated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene, was examined at distinct stages of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
Gradual increase in expression of proliferation markers and a decrease in expression of proapoptotic genes, some receptors, PTEN and PTGS2 were demonstrated for progressive grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia leading to cancer.
On the basis of our findings, these factors may participate in the development and progression of CIN lesions, with possible interaction of c-fms and COX-2 on VEGF expression, and may be potential molecular targets for studies of cervical cancer prevention and treatment.
The overall positive expression of COX-2 and the quantity of PGs, especially PGE2 in inflammation, CIN and cervical carcinoma was higher and much higher than that in normal cervix (P < 0.001), There was a close relationship between COX-2 and PGs.