These data highlight important sex differences in how brain IGF-1 action impacts healthspan and suggest that translational approaches that target IGF-1 centrally can restore cognitive function, a possibility that should be explored as a strategy to combat age-related cognitive decline.
Advances in neuroimaging, genetics, neuroscience and the availability of large well characterized biobanks will facilitate research exploring the role of IGF-1 in both normal ageing and age-related cognitive decline.