PD-L1 expression is a poor prognostic factor and predictive of better responses from both PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in a variety of tumor types including Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial carcinoma.
With an armamentarium encompassing 13 drugs that exploit seven unique therapeutic mechanisms (ie, cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, mTORC1, cMET/AXL, fibroblast growth factor receptor, programmed cell death-1 and programmed death-ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte associated-4) to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma, one of the imminent clinical questions concerning care of patients with metastatic ccRCC is how a personalized treatment strategy, through rationally combining and sequencing different therapeutic modalities, can be formulated to offer the best clinical outcome for individual patients.
Current studies have shown that sarcomatoid RCC express programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) at a much higher level than non-sarcomatoid RCC, suggesting that blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis may be an attractive new therapeutic strategy.
In combination with anti-PD-1 inhibitors, pegilodecakin increased the responses in RCC and lung cancer with efficacy agnostic to PD-L1 status and tumor mutational burden.
ICIs target Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death 1 (PD-1), or its ligand (PD-L1), showing promising therapeutic efficacy in RCC.
These results, taken together, provide evidence for a novel mechanism of PD-L1 in RCC progression, suggesting that there is a close relationship between EMT and immune escape signaling pathways in RCC.
PD-L1 expression has been associated with poor outcomes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) but has not been investigated in advanced RCC patients receiving VEGF-targeted therapy.
We propose that PD-L2 as well as PD-L1 play important roles in evading antitumor immunity, suggesting that PD-1/PD-L2 blockade must be considered for optimal immunotherapy in PD-L2-expressing cancers, such as RCC and LUSC.
This study demonstrates that renal clear cell carcinoma primary tumors and metastatic deposits have some discordance in the expression of PD-L1, PD-1, and PD-L2.
Therefore, we aimed to compare the differential expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 between the primary and metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Prognostic significance of the programmed death ligand 1 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and correlation with the tumor microenvironment and hypoxia-inducible factor expression.
The high expression of c-MET in the majority of ccRCC and its independent association with PD-L1 expression, may suggest a potential benefit from combining c-MET inhibitors and targeted immunotherapy.
PD-L1 expression is a poor prognostic factor and predictive of better responses from both PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in a variety of tumor types including RCC.
Relevant literature was identified form PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library, which compared the prognostic significance between PD-L1 expression and RCC.
We conducted a nested case-control study using 98 archived tumor samples from patients diagnosed with primary ccRCC between 1990 and 2006, half of which were identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) as either programmed death ligand 1 (PDL-1)-positive or PDL-1-negative.