To investigate the expression of ubiquitin in monocytes and lymphocytes isolated from patients at different stages of CAD, 120 patients with CAD (40 with acute myocardial infarction [AMI], 40 with unstable angina pectoris [UAP] and 40 with stable angina pectoris [SAP]) were selected; 40 patients with normal coronary arteries served as controls.
We measured baseline sEPCR levels in 1673 individuals with CAD (521 with acute coronary syndrome [ACS] and 1152 with stable angina pectoris [SAP]) from the AtheroGene cohort.
The study population included 40 patients with acute STEMI [acute myocardial infarction (AMI)+PCI: 20 underwent primary PCI; AMI: 20 without PCI] and 40 patients with symptomatic stable angina pectoris (SAP+PCI: 20 underwent PCI; SAP: 20 without PCI). sFKN were measured at different time points by ELIZA.
The patients were divided in 4 groups: patients without coronary artery disease (control group), patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP group), patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS group), and patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction group (STEMI group).
Groups were divided as follows: normal coronary artery (control group), nonobstructive coronary atherosclerosis (<50% stenosis in all coronary vessels, NOCA group), stable angina (SAP group), and acute coronary syndrome (ACS group).