Again, wt RSV was less sensitive than mGRSV to G-specific and RSV-specific antibodies; however, a similar difference was also observed with F-specific antibodies.
Compared with the control group (NP cells treated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), RSV significantly up-regulated expression of matrix macromolecules (aggrecan and collagen), promoted GAG production, and increased the expression of autophagy-related markers (Beclin-1 and LC-3).
Overexpression of wt DCP1 led to a decrease in RSV-induced IL-8 production, but this effect was abrogated in cells overexpressing phosphorylation-deficient DCP1 mutants.
Downregulation of ACE2 is always associated with the ALI or ARDS induced by avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus and sepsis.
However, because RhoA signaling is associated with many cellular functions relevant to RSV pathogenesis such as actin cytoskeleton organization, expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and smooth muscle contraction, we asked whether RhoA activation occurred during RSV infection of HEp-2 cells.
Moreover, the relatively slow velocity of RSV transport across the cytoplasm and the formation of the actin tail indicated actin-based RSV motility, which was also confirmed by the effects of cytoskeletal inhibitors.
The recruitment of caveolae occurred just prior to the initiation of RSV filament assembly, and was dependent upon an intact actin network as well as a direct physical interaction between caveolin-1 and the viral G protein.
A SNP in ADAM33 was associated with an increased risk of developing RSV LRTIs, but not with significant differences in 36-week PMA lung function results.
One of the variants was a highly functional nonsynonymous variant in ADRB2 (rs1800888), which was also nominally associated with asthma (p = 0.027) and active asthma (p = 0.013) among European Americans with severe RSV bronchiolitis without including the ESP.
The implications of these results are that limitations of beta(2)-agonists in the treatment of any airway obstruction associated with RSV infection may be related to direct effects of RSV on HASM, and ADRB2 genotype may predict beta(2)-adrenergic responses.
Here, we show that RAGE deficiency impairs anti-viral immunity during an early-life infection with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM; a murine analogue of RSV).
We found that the airway inflammatory cells and cytokines present in BALF and TRIF in lung tissue play a role in inducing AHR and airway inflammation upon RSV and bacteria coinfection, which might occur through the TRIF-MMP-9-neutrophil-MMP-9 signalling pathway.
Because berberine has previously been implicated in modulating the activity of p38 MAPK, its effects on RSV infection and RSV-mediated p38 MAPK activation were examined.
Inhibition of ERK and p38 activation significantly reduced RSV-induced RANTES mRNA and protein secretion without affecting RANTES gene transcription or transcription factor activation.
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Inhibits Mucin Synthesis and Viral Replication by Suppression of AP-1 and NF-κB via p38 MAPKs/JNK Signaling Pathways in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected A549 Cells.
Inhibition of ERK and p38 activation significantly reduced RSV-induced RANTES mRNA and protein secretion without affecting RANTES gene transcription or transcription factor activation.
Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Inhibits Mucin Synthesis and Viral Replication by Suppression of AP-1 and NF-κB via p38 MAPKs/JNK Signaling Pathways in Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected A549 Cells.
Because berberine has previously been implicated in modulating the activity of p38 MAPK, its effects on RSV infection and RSV-mediated p38 MAPK activation were examined.
It involved the production, in Escherichia coli, of an RSV (Long) G protein fragment (G2Na) as a C-terminal fusion partner to an albumin binding region (BB) of streptococcal protein G. G2Na incorporated amino acid residues 130-230 and was specifically recognized by murine anti-RSV-A polyclonal serum.
The FPLC-purified RSV had more albumin contamination, but there was less evidence of host-derived exosomes when compared to ultracentrifugation-purified RSV as detected by Western blot and mass spectrometry for the exosome markers superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (SOD1) and the tetraspanin CD63.
Five days after RSV inoculation, the extravasation of Evans blue-labeled albumin after nerve stimulation was significantly greater in the intrapulmonary airways of RSV-infected weanling rats than in pathogen-free control rats.