Using unadjusted logistic regression, we found significant association between tumor recurrence at next biopsy and CD44 expression (OR = 2.51, P = 0.03), tumor recurrence at any subsequent biopsy and ER expression (OR = 0.24, P = 0.04), and tumor grade progression at any subsequent biopsy and HER2/neu expression (OR = 0.24, P = 0.04).
In human prostate cancer (PCa), the neuroendocrine cells, expressing the prostate cancer stem cell (CSC) marker CD44, may be resistant to androgen ablation and promote tumor recurrence.
This study analyzed the expression of CD44 and cystine-glutamate transporter SLC7A11 (xCT) in primary oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the relationships of expression to tumor recurrence and patient survival.
Exosome biomarkers (such as HER2, CD47, Del-1, miR-1246 and miR-21) in breast cancer patients are significantly higher than those in healthy controls, exosomal GSTP1 and TRPC5 are related to chemotherapy resistance, exosome-carrying TRPC5, NANOG, NEUROD1, HTR7, KISS1R and HOXC are correlated to PFS, DFS or OS, and some exosomal proteins (HER2, KDR, CD49d, CXCR4 and CD44) as well as miRNAs (miR-340-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-93-5p) are associated with tumor recurrence or distant organ metastasis.
Thus, it may be necessary to elucidate the relationship between the effects of these chemotherapeutic agents on CD44 expression and tumor recurrence/metastasis in future studies.
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is the most common cancer stem cell (CSC) marker and high CD44 expression has been associated with anticancer drug resistance, tumor recurrence, and metastasis.
Osteopontin and CD44 play important roles in the development and progression of meningioma and can be used as prognostic markers for tumor recurrence and progression as well as therapeutic targets for the development of new drugs.
Activation of this novel CD44s-ZEB1 regulatory loop has functional impact on tumor cells, as evident by increased tumor-sphere initiation capacity, drug-resistance and tumor recurrence.
Our results showed that the expression of IMP3 was significantly correlated with CD44s expression (r = 0.505, P < 0.001), and both of them correlated with high AFP level, advanced tumor stage and grade, portal vein tumor thrombus, and early tumor recurrence or metastasis.
Among the CD44 variant isoforms on 55 TCC tissue specimens examined, the expression of CD44v5 was inversely related to tumor grade, stage and recurrence, while the expression of CD44v10 was positively related to tumor recurrence.