In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, MSC-derived Meso64-TR3 was far more potent on MUC16-expressing ovarian cancer compared to its non-targeted TR3 counterpart.
Annual surveillance, by transvaginal ultrasound scanning and serum CA125 measurement, in women at increased familial risk of ovarian cancer is ineffective in detecting tumours at a sufficiently early stage to influence substantially survival in BRCA1/2 carriers.
A three-DNA-methylation-serum-marker panel was developed using targeted ultra-high coverage bisulfite sequencing in 151 women and validated in 250 women with various conditions, particularly in those associated with high CA125 levels (endometriosis and other benign pelvic masses), serial samples from 25 patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and a nested case control study of 172 UKCTOCS control arm participants which included serum samples up to two years before OC diagnosis.
Gynecological screening programs with periodical trans-vaginal ultrasound and serum CA125 assay have been widely used in women at hereditary high risk of ovarian carcinoma, but clinical results have been conflicting.
These recommendations may be summarized as follows: 1) site-specific ovarian carcinoma: screening with physical examination, CA 125, and ultrasound, and bilateral oophorectomy after childbearing has been completed; 2) breast/ovary syndrome: screening for ovarian cancer as above, mammography and bilateral oophorectomy as above, and possible prophylactic mastectomy; and 3) Lynch Cancer Family Syndrome: screening for ovarian cancer as above, colonoscopy and endometrial biopsy, and prophylactic hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy once childbearing is complete.
Screening for ovarian cancer (OC) in women at high risk consists of a combination of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and transvaginal ultrasound, despite their low sensitivity and specificity.
We concluded that a prescreening immunochemical test based on the measurement of serum CA 125 (with a threshold value of > or = 20 U/ml) would increase the prior odds for familial ovarian cancer by 2.8, but would lower the overall detection rate by 29% at the prevalence screening.
Prior studies on the role of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in detecting ovarian cancer presented conflicting results.
The aim of this study was to use machine learning to predict abdominal recurrence on CT on the basis of serial cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels in patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer on surveillance.
Methods Meta-analyses of running evidence have preliminarily suggested that HE4 may overcome carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) in identifying OvCa, showing however several gaps that need to be considered, i.e. definition of biomarker diagnostic performance in the early detection of OvCa, added diagnostic value, biological and lifestyle factors of variation, and optimal interpretative criteria.
Because malignant ascites is a pro-inflammatory environment, we investigated whether OC ascites stimulate the expression and release of MUC16 by human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs).
Blinded studies on sera from postmenopausal patients with ovarian carcinoma and controls indicate that the specificity and sensitivity of the HE4-based ELISA is equivalent to that of the CA125 assay.