Two separate literature searches were performed on the MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE, and BIOSIS databases through April 2018 to identify (1) differences and similarities between AOSD and pediatric Still's disease (systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis [SJIA]) and (2) the efficacy and safety of IL-1 inhibitors in AOSD treatment.
The study group consisted of pediatric MAS patients due to sJIA or AIDs, followed up in the Pediatric Rheumatology Unit of Hacettepe University between January 2015 and January 2017 and treated with anakinra (anti-IL1).
These results indicate that there may be aberrant control of the activity of the IL-1 family in sJIA patients causing the increased susceptibility to the disease.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several rheumatic inflammatory diseases, including adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA).
We conclude that IL-1 is a major mediator of the inflammatory cascade that underlies SoJIA and that this cytokine represents a target for therapy in this disease.