Several genetic polymorphisms have been identified in patients with sepsis and severe sepsis, such as the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF-beta genes, the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, the IL-6, the IL-10, the CD-14, the Toll-like receptors, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, and the factor V 1691G-A mutations.